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Türkiye’de Akdeniz Bölgesi’ndeki Annelerin Emzirme Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 261 - 269, 22.12.2023

Suzi Özdemir Fatma Sayiner Helen Camuz Köksal

https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluder.1285971

Öz

Giriş: Türkiye'de emzirme oranları halen Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün hedeflediği emzirme oranlarının altındadır. Emzirme oranlarını artırmak için kadınların emzirme davranışlarının belirlenmesi ve emzirme davranışını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Akdeniz bölgesinde bir devlet hastanesine başvuran annelerin emzirme davranışlarını ve bu davranışları etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel, nicel tipte olan çalışma, 30 Aralık 2019-29 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesine başvuran 553 anne ile yapılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan basılı anket formu ve LATCH Emzirme Tanılama Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz IBM SPSS 20.0 ile yapıldı. Verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Ki-Kare testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaklaşık yarısının çalışma öncesinde emzirme konusunda eğitim aldığını belirledik. Emzirme eğitimini ebeden alan katılımcıların doğumdan sonra ilk 1 saat içinde emzirme ve bebeğin ağızdan aldığı ilk besinin kolostrum olma oranları ile LATCH skorları daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Emzirme danışmanlığı ve eğitiminin emzirme davranışını etkilediği belirlendi. Emzirme danışmanlığı ve eğitiminin içerik etkinliğini, kim tarafından, ne zaman ve ne zaman uygulanacağını değerlendiren çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emzirme Anne sütü Danışmanlar Davranış

Kaynakça

  • Gallegos D, Parkinson J, Duane S, Domegan C, Jansen E, Russell-bennett R. Understanding breastfeeding behaviours: a cross-sectional analysis of associated factors in Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia. Int Breastfeed J 2020;2:1–12. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00344-2
  • Martinez-Brockman JL, Shebl FM, Harari N, Pérez-Escamilla R. An assessment of the social cognitive predictors of exclusive breastfeeding behavior using the Health Action Process Approach. Soc Sci Med. 2017;182(2017):106–16. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.04.014
  • Verhasselt V. Breastfeeding, a Personalized Medicine with Influence on Short- and Long-Term Immune Health. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2020;94:48–58.
  • WHO. Infant and young child feeding. 2020. Date: 2021 May 8. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding
  • Neves PAR, Vaz JS, Maia FS, Baker P, Gatica-Domínguez G, Piwoz E, et al. Rates and time trends in the consumption of breastmilk, formula, and animal milk by children younger than 2 years from 2000 to 2019: Analysis of 113 countries. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2021;5(9):619–30. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00163-2
  • Global Breastfeeding Collective, UNICEF, WHO. Global Breastfeeding Scorecard. 2022. Date: 2023 Mar 1. Available from: https://www.globalbreastfeedingcollective.org/global-breastfeeding-scorecard-0
  • UNICEF. Why family-friendly policies are critical to increasing breastfeeding rates worldwide. 2019. Date: 2023 Mar 1. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/why-family-friendly-policies-are-critical-increasing-breastfeeding-rates-worldwide
  • Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, França GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475–90. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7
  • TNSA. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması [Turkey Demographic and Health Survey]. Vol. 53, Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Ankara; 2018.
  • Gillen MM, Markey CH, Rosenbaum DL, Dunaev JL. Breastfeeding, body image, and weight control behavior among postpartum women. Body Image. 2021;38:201–9. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.04.006
  • Rafizadeh R, Heidari Z, Karimy M, Zamani-Alavijeh F, Araban M. Factors affecting breast-feeding practice among a sample of Iranian women: A structural equation modeling approach. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s13052-019-0724-9
  • McDonald SD, Pullenayegum E, Chapman B, Vera C, Giglia L, Fusch C, et al. Prevalence and predictors of exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119(6):1171–9. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318256194b
  • Araban M, Karimian Z, Karimian Kakolaki Z, McQueen KA, Dennis CL. Randomized controlled trial of a prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy intervention in primiparous women in Iran. JOGNN - J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2018;47(2):173–83. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.01.005
  • Saffari M, Pakpour AH, Chen H. Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding among Iranian mothers: A longitudinal population-based study. Heal Promot Perspect. 2016;7(1):34–41. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2017.07
  • Hansen K. Breastfeeding: A smart investment in people and in economies. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):416. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00012-X
  • Ozcan H, Kocak DY. Breastfeeding behaviors among working mothers in Turkey: A comparison between nurses and non-nurse mothers with >1 month to 2 years old children. Int J Caring Sci. 2019;12(3):1448–56.
  • Cetisli NE, Arkan G, Top ED. Maternal attachment, and breastfeeding behaviors according to type of delivery in the immediate postpartum period. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2018;64(2):164–9. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.02.164
  • Brockway M, Benzies K, Hayden KA. Interventions to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy and resultant breastfeeding rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Lact. 2017;33(3):486–99. doi: 10.1177/0890334417707957
  • Liu L, Zhu J, Yang J, Wu M, Ye B. The effect of a perinatal breastfeeding support program on breastfeeding outcomes in primiparous mothers. West J Nurs Res. 2017;39(7):906–23. doi: 10.1177/0193945916670645
  • Jensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: A breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. JOGNN. 1994;23(1):27–32. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x
  • Yenal K, Okumuş H. Reliability of LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg. 2003;1:38–44.
  • Theurich MA, Davanzo R, Busck-Rasmussen M, Díaz-Gómez NM, Brennan C, Kylberg E, et al. Breastfeeding rates and programs in Europe: A survey of 11 national breastfeeding committees and representatives. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2019;68(3):400–7. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002234
  • Vilar-Compte M, Hernández-Cordero S, Ancira-Moreno M, Burrola-Méndez S, Ferre-Eguiluz I, Omaña I, et al. Breastfeeding at the workplace: A systematic review of interventions to improve workplace environments to facilitate breastfeeding among working women. Int J Equity Health. 2021;20(110). doi: 10.1186/s12939-021-01432-3
  • Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Zaheer L, Fischer F. Exploring parental perceptions and knowledge regarding breastfeeding practices in Rajanpur, Punjab Province, Pakistan. Int Breastfeed J. 2018;13(1):1–12. doi: 10.1186/s13006-018-0171-z
  • Takahashi K, Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Vogel JP, Souza JP, Laopaiboon M, et al. Prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding: Secondary analysis of the WHO Global Survey. Sci Rep. 2017;7(February):1–10. doi: 10.1038/srep44868
  • WHO. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. 2010. Date: 2021 May 8. Available from: https://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9789241596664/en/
  • Bayram Deǧer V, Ertem M, Çifçi S. Comparison of the Breastfeeding Practices of Refugee Syrian Mothers and Native Turkish Mothers. Breastfeed Med. 2020;15(3):170–5. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0233
  • Çakmak S, Seda A, Dengi D. Postpartum evaluation of the mothers’ knowledge about breastfeeding and the importance of breast milk. Turkish J Fam Pract. 2019;23(1):9–19. doi: 10.15511/tahd.19.00109
  • Zhang F, Cheng J, Yan S, Wu H, Bai T. Early feeding behaviors and breastfeeding outcomes after cesarean section. Breastfeed Med. 2019;14(5):325–33. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2018.0150
  • Abdulahi M, Fretheim A, Argaw A MJ. Breastfeeding Education and Support to Improve Early Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and Infant Growth: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial from a Rural Ethiopian Setting. Nutrients. 2021;13(1204):1–15. doi: 10.3390/nu13041204
  • Prasitwattanaseree P, Sinsucksai N, Prasopkittikun T, Viwatwongkasem C. Effectiveness of breastfeeding skills training and support program among first time mothers: A randomized control trial. Pacific Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2019;23(3):258–70.
  • Ogbo FA, Page A, Idoko J, Claudio F, Agho KE. Diarrhoea and suboptimal feeding practices in Nigeria: evidence from the national household surveys. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016;30(4):346–55. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12293
  • WHO. Guideline: counselling of women to improve breastfeeding practices. 2018. Date: 2023 Aug 10. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550468
  • Leeman KT, Barbas K, Strauss J, Adams S, Sussman-karten K, Kelly A, et al. Improving access to lactation consultation and early breast milk use in an outborn NICU. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2019;4(1):e130. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000130
  • Susiloretni KA, Hadi H, Blakstad MM, Smith ER, Shankar AH. Does exclusive breastfeeding relate to the longer duration of breastfeeding? A prospective cohort study. Midwifery. 2019;69:163–71. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.11.008
  • Tüğdür M, Öğüt S, Karaman AD, Günay N. The practice and view of breastfeeding among mothers: A questionnaire-based survey in baby friendly hospital in Aydın. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2020;11(4):617–24.
  • Evcil FY, Zoroğlu G. Evaluation of knowledge and behavior of mothers who gave birth in a university hospital regarding breast milk and breastfeeding. Kafkas J Med Sci. 2020;10(3):221–7. doi: 10.5505/kjms.2020.26429
  • Yazici S, İnal S, Şafak H, Güdücü N. Evaluation of efficient postnatal breastfeeding status in mothers. J Heal Pro Res. 2020;2(2):67–75.
  • Chetwynd EM, Wasser HM, Poole C. Breastfeeding Support Interventions by International Board-Certified Lactation Consultants: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Hum Lact. 2019;35(3):424–40. doi: 10.1177/0890334419851482
  • Sreekumar K, D’Lima A, Silveira MP, Gaonkar R. Cognitive breastfeeding counseling: A single session helps improve LATCH score. J Perinat Educ. 2018;27(3):148–51. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.27.3.148
  • Rismayanti T, Muniroh. The effect of breastfeeding counseling on breastfeeding practices in postpartum mothers at RSIA Tiara Cikupa in 2022. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP). 2022;612–6. doi: 10.51601/ijhp.v3i4.192
  • Patel S, Patel S. The effectiveness of lactation consultants and lactation counsellors on breastfeeding outcomes. J Hum Lact. 2016;32(3):530–541. doi: 10.1177/0890334415618668
  • Pérez-Escamilla R. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: How we can make it work. Soc Sci Med. 2020;244(June 2019). doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.036
  • Wallenborn JT, Lu J, Perera RA, Wheeler DC, Masho SW. The Impact of the Professional Qualifications of the Prenatal Care Provider on Breastfeeding Duration. Breastfeed Med. 2018;13(2):106–11. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2017.0133

Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 261 - 269, 22.12.2023

Suzi Özdemir Fatma Sayiner Helen Camuz Köksal

https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluder.1285971

Öz

Introduction: Breastfeeding rates in Turkey are still below the target breastfeeding rates of the World Health Organization. To boost breastfeeding rates, it is vital to know women's nursing behaviour as well as the variables influencing breastfeeding behaviour. We aimed to determine the breastfeeding behaviours of mothers and the factors affecting these behaviours who applied to a state hospital in the Mediterranean region.
Methods: The descriptive, cross - sectional, quantitative study was conducted with 553 mothers who applied to a state hospital between 30 December 2019 and 29 June 2020. The data were collected using a paper-based questionnaire form prepared by the researchers and the LATCH Assessment Tool. Statistical analysis was done with IBM SPSS 20.0. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-Square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used for data analysis.
Results: We found that half of the participants had received education on breastfeeding before the study. Participants who received this education from a midwife had higher rates of breastfeeding within the first hour, the infant's first oral food being colostrum, and LATCH scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was concluded that breastfeeding counselling and education affected breastfeeding behaviour. There is a need for studies evaluating the content effectiveness of breastfeeding counselling and education, by whom and when.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Breastfeeding Human milk Consultants Behaviour

Kaynakça

  • Gallegos D, Parkinson J, Duane S, Domegan C, Jansen E, Russell-bennett R. Understanding breastfeeding behaviours: a cross-sectional analysis of associated factors in Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia. Int Breastfeed J 2020;2:1–12. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00344-2
  • Martinez-Brockman JL, Shebl FM, Harari N, Pérez-Escamilla R. An assessment of the social cognitive predictors of exclusive breastfeeding behavior using the Health Action Process Approach. Soc Sci Med. 2017;182(2017):106–16. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.04.014
  • Verhasselt V. Breastfeeding, a Personalized Medicine with Influence on Short- and Long-Term Immune Health. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2020;94:48–58.
  • WHO. Infant and young child feeding. 2020. Date: 2021 May 8. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding
  • Neves PAR, Vaz JS, Maia FS, Baker P, Gatica-Domínguez G, Piwoz E, et al. Rates and time trends in the consumption of breastmilk, formula, and animal milk by children younger than 2 years from 2000 to 2019: Analysis of 113 countries. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2021;5(9):619–30. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00163-2
  • Global Breastfeeding Collective, UNICEF, WHO. Global Breastfeeding Scorecard. 2022. Date: 2023 Mar 1. Available from: https://www.globalbreastfeedingcollective.org/global-breastfeeding-scorecard-0
  • UNICEF. Why family-friendly policies are critical to increasing breastfeeding rates worldwide. 2019. Date: 2023 Mar 1. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/why-family-friendly-policies-are-critical-increasing-breastfeeding-rates-worldwide
  • Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, França GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475–90. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7
  • TNSA. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması [Turkey Demographic and Health Survey]. Vol. 53, Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Ankara; 2018.
  • Gillen MM, Markey CH, Rosenbaum DL, Dunaev JL. Breastfeeding, body image, and weight control behavior among postpartum women. Body Image. 2021;38:201–9. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.04.006
  • Rafizadeh R, Heidari Z, Karimy M, Zamani-Alavijeh F, Araban M. Factors affecting breast-feeding practice among a sample of Iranian women: A structural equation modeling approach. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s13052-019-0724-9
  • McDonald SD, Pullenayegum E, Chapman B, Vera C, Giglia L, Fusch C, et al. Prevalence and predictors of exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119(6):1171–9. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318256194b
  • Araban M, Karimian Z, Karimian Kakolaki Z, McQueen KA, Dennis CL. Randomized controlled trial of a prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy intervention in primiparous women in Iran. JOGNN - J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2018;47(2):173–83. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.01.005
  • Saffari M, Pakpour AH, Chen H. Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding among Iranian mothers: A longitudinal population-based study. Heal Promot Perspect. 2016;7(1):34–41. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2017.07
  • Hansen K. Breastfeeding: A smart investment in people and in economies. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):416. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00012-X
  • Ozcan H, Kocak DY. Breastfeeding behaviors among working mothers in Turkey: A comparison between nurses and non-nurse mothers with >1 month to 2 years old children. Int J Caring Sci. 2019;12(3):1448–56.
  • Cetisli NE, Arkan G, Top ED. Maternal attachment, and breastfeeding behaviors according to type of delivery in the immediate postpartum period. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2018;64(2):164–9. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.02.164
  • Brockway M, Benzies K, Hayden KA. Interventions to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy and resultant breastfeeding rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Lact. 2017;33(3):486–99. doi: 10.1177/0890334417707957
  • Liu L, Zhu J, Yang J, Wu M, Ye B. The effect of a perinatal breastfeeding support program on breastfeeding outcomes in primiparous mothers. West J Nurs Res. 2017;39(7):906–23. doi: 10.1177/0193945916670645
  • Jensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: A breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. JOGNN. 1994;23(1):27–32. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x
  • Yenal K, Okumuş H. Reliability of LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg. 2003;1:38–44.
  • Theurich MA, Davanzo R, Busck-Rasmussen M, Díaz-Gómez NM, Brennan C, Kylberg E, et al. Breastfeeding rates and programs in Europe: A survey of 11 national breastfeeding committees and representatives. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2019;68(3):400–7. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002234
  • Vilar-Compte M, Hernández-Cordero S, Ancira-Moreno M, Burrola-Méndez S, Ferre-Eguiluz I, Omaña I, et al. Breastfeeding at the workplace: A systematic review of interventions to improve workplace environments to facilitate breastfeeding among working women. Int J Equity Health. 2021;20(110). doi: 10.1186/s12939-021-01432-3
  • Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Zaheer L, Fischer F. Exploring parental perceptions and knowledge regarding breastfeeding practices in Rajanpur, Punjab Province, Pakistan. Int Breastfeed J. 2018;13(1):1–12. doi: 10.1186/s13006-018-0171-z
  • Takahashi K, Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Vogel JP, Souza JP, Laopaiboon M, et al. Prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding: Secondary analysis of the WHO Global Survey. Sci Rep. 2017;7(February):1–10. doi: 10.1038/srep44868
  • WHO. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. 2010. Date: 2021 May 8. Available from: https://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9789241596664/en/
  • Bayram Deǧer V, Ertem M, Çifçi S. Comparison of the Breastfeeding Practices of Refugee Syrian Mothers and Native Turkish Mothers. Breastfeed Med. 2020;15(3):170–5. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0233
  • Çakmak S, Seda A, Dengi D. Postpartum evaluation of the mothers’ knowledge about breastfeeding and the importance of breast milk. Turkish J Fam Pract. 2019;23(1):9–19. doi: 10.15511/tahd.19.00109
  • Zhang F, Cheng J, Yan S, Wu H, Bai T. Early feeding behaviors and breastfeeding outcomes after cesarean section. Breastfeed Med. 2019;14(5):325–33. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2018.0150
  • Abdulahi M, Fretheim A, Argaw A MJ. Breastfeeding Education and Support to Improve Early Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and Infant Growth: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial from a Rural Ethiopian Setting. Nutrients. 2021;13(1204):1–15. doi: 10.3390/nu13041204
  • Prasitwattanaseree P, Sinsucksai N, Prasopkittikun T, Viwatwongkasem C. Effectiveness of breastfeeding skills training and support program among first time mothers: A randomized control trial. Pacific Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2019;23(3):258–70.
  • Ogbo FA, Page A, Idoko J, Claudio F, Agho KE. Diarrhoea and suboptimal feeding practices in Nigeria: evidence from the national household surveys. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016;30(4):346–55. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12293
  • WHO. Guideline: counselling of women to improve breastfeeding practices. 2018. Date: 2023 Aug 10. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550468
  • Leeman KT, Barbas K, Strauss J, Adams S, Sussman-karten K, Kelly A, et al. Improving access to lactation consultation and early breast milk use in an outborn NICU. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2019;4(1):e130. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000130
  • Susiloretni KA, Hadi H, Blakstad MM, Smith ER, Shankar AH. Does exclusive breastfeeding relate to the longer duration of breastfeeding? A prospective cohort study. Midwifery. 2019;69:163–71. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.11.008
  • Tüğdür M, Öğüt S, Karaman AD, Günay N. The practice and view of breastfeeding among mothers: A questionnaire-based survey in baby friendly hospital in Aydın. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2020;11(4):617–24.
  • Evcil FY, Zoroğlu G. Evaluation of knowledge and behavior of mothers who gave birth in a university hospital regarding breast milk and breastfeeding. Kafkas J Med Sci. 2020;10(3):221–7. doi: 10.5505/kjms.2020.26429
  • Yazici S, İnal S, Şafak H, Güdücü N. Evaluation of efficient postnatal breastfeeding status in mothers. J Heal Pro Res. 2020;2(2):67–75.
  • Chetwynd EM, Wasser HM, Poole C. Breastfeeding Support Interventions by International Board-Certified Lactation Consultants: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Hum Lact. 2019;35(3):424–40. doi: 10.1177/0890334419851482
  • Sreekumar K, D’Lima A, Silveira MP, Gaonkar R. Cognitive breastfeeding counseling: A single session helps improve LATCH score. J Perinat Educ. 2018;27(3):148–51. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.27.3.148
  • Rismayanti T, Muniroh. The effect of breastfeeding counseling on breastfeeding practices in postpartum mothers at RSIA Tiara Cikupa in 2022. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP). 2022;612–6. doi: 10.51601/ijhp.v3i4.192
  • Patel S, Patel S. The effectiveness of lactation consultants and lactation counsellors on breastfeeding outcomes. J Hum Lact. 2016;32(3):530–541. doi: 10.1177/0890334415618668
  • Pérez-Escamilla R. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: How we can make it work. Soc Sci Med. 2020;244(June 2019). doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.036
  • Wallenborn JT, Lu J, Perera RA, Wheeler DC, Masho SW. The Impact of the Professional Qualifications of the Prenatal Care Provider on Breastfeeding Duration. Breastfeed Med. 2018;13(2):106–11. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2017.0133
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Suzi Özdemir 0000-0003-2437-9169

Fatma Sayiner 0000-0001-9287-989X

Helen Camuz Köksal 0000-0002-6410-1383

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir, S., Sayiner, F., & Camuz Köksal, H. (2023). Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences, 3(3), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluder.1285971
AMA Özdemir S, Sayiner F, Camuz Köksal H. Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences. Aralık 2023;3(3):261-269. doi:10.58252/artukluder.1285971
Chicago Özdemir, Suzi, Fatma Sayiner, ve Helen Camuz Köksal. “Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study”. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences 3, sy. 3 (Aralık 2023): 261-69. https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluder.1285971.
EndNote Özdemir S, Sayiner F, Camuz Köksal H (01 Aralık 2023) Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences 3 3 261–269.
IEEE S. Özdemir, F. Sayiner, ve H. Camuz Köksal, “Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study”, Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences, c. 3, sy. 3, ss. 261–269, 2023, doi: 10.58252/artukluder.1285971.
ISNAD Özdemir, Suzi vd. “Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study”. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences 3/3 (Aralık 2023), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluder.1285971.
JAMA Özdemir S, Sayiner F, Camuz Köksal H. Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences. 2023;3:261–269.
MLA Özdemir, Suzi vd. “Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study”. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences, c. 3, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 261-9, doi:10.58252/artukluder.1285971.
Vancouver Özdemir S, Sayiner F, Camuz Köksal H. Examination of Breastfeeding Behaviours of Mothers in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey: A Cross–Sectional Study. Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences. 2023;3(3):261-9.
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