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Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 939 - 953, 31.07.2023

Yavuz Demir Muammer Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1265610
Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu çalışma, internet ve sosyal medya ağlarında önemli bir sorun haline gelen çevrimiçi taciz konusuna ilişkin yapılan çalışmaları bibliyometrik yöntem yardımıyla incelemiştir. Çevrimiçi taciz, özellikle sosyal medya ağlarının popülerleşmeye başlamasıyla birlikte oldukça önemli bir sorun haline gelmiş ve bu ağlarda çeşitli kişi veya gruplara yönelik bireysel veya organize bir şekilde çevrimiçi tacizin boyutları da artmıştır. Bu bakımdan çalışmada, Web of Science veri tabanında yer alan ve “online harrassment” anahtar kavramı kullanılarak ortaya çıkan 301 araştırma makalesi incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda bu konuda yayınların 2016 yılından itibaren yoğunluk kazandığı, iletişim alanının bu çalışmalara yoğun ilgi gösterdiği ve en çok yayının ABD’de yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada çevrimiçi tacizle ile “ırkçılık”, “cinsel saldırı”, “haber”, “başa çıkma stratejileri”, “kültür”, YouTube”, “cinselleştirme”, “dijital oyun” ve “spor medyası” gibi ortak kelimelerin az kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu da gelecekteki çalışmaların bu konulara yönlendirmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnternet sosyal medya çevrimiçi taciz bibliyometrik analiz

Kaynakça

  • Adams, C. (2018), They Go for Gender First, Journalism Practice, 12(7), s. 850–869.
  • Alismaiel, O. A. (2023), Digital Media Used in Education: The Influence on Cyberbullying Behaviors among Youth Students, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), s.1-19.
  • Andreasen, M. B. (2020), Feminist/Activist Responses to Online Abuse, The International Encyclopedia of Gender, Media, and Communication, s.1-8.
  • Antunovic, D. (2019), We Wouldn’t Say it to Their Faces: Online Harassment, Women Sports Journalists, and Feminism, Feminist Media Studies, 19(3), s.428-442.
  • Baloğlu, E. (2022), Siyasal İletişimde Instagram Kullanımı, (Ed.: Y. Demir), Siyasal İletişim Çalışmaları, s.207-230, Konya: Tablet Kitabevi.
  • Barak, A. (2005), Sexual Harassment on the Internet, Social Science Computer Review, 23(1), s.77-92.
  • Bjork, S., Offer, A. ve Söderberg, G. (2014), Time Series Citation Data: The Nobel Prize in Economics, Scientometrics, 98(1), s.185–196.
  • Celuch, M., Latikka, R., Oksa, R. ve Oksanen, A. (2023), Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, s.1-27.
  • Chang, F. C., Chiu, C. H., Chen, P. H., Chiang, J. T., Miao, N. F., Chuang, H. Y. ... ve Tseng, C. C. (2022), Smartphone Addiction and Victimization Predicts Sleep Problems and Depression Among Children, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 64, s.24-31.
  • Chen, G. M., Pain, P., Chen, V. Y., Mekelburg, M., Springer, N. ve Troger, F. (2020), ‘You Really Have to Have a Thick Skin’: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on How Online Harassment Influences Female Journalists, Journalism, 21(7), s.877-895.
  • Citron, D. K. (2014), Hate Crimes in Cyberspace, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Claesson, A. (2022), “I Really Wanted Them to Have My Back, but They Didn’t”—Structural Barriers to Addressing Gendered Online Violence against Journalists, Digital Journalism, s.1-20.
  • Clark, M. ve Grech, A. (2017), Journalists Under Pressure: Unwarranted İnterference, Fear and Self-Censorship in Europe. Paris: Council of Europe.
  • Demir, Y. ve Ayhan, B. (2022), Being a Female Sports Journalist on Twitter: Online Harassment, Sexualization, and Hegemony, International Journal of Sport Communication, 15(3), s.207-217.
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N. ve Lim, W. M. (2021), How to Conduct a Bibliometric Analysis: An Overview and Guidelines, Journal of Business Research, 133, s.285-296.
  • Döring, N. (2000), Feminist Views of Cybersex: Victimization, Liberation, and Empowerment, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 3(5), s.863-884.
  • Ellegaard, O., ve Wallin, J. A. (2015), The Bibliometric Analysis of Scholarly Production: How Great is the Impact? Scientometrics, 105, s.1809-1831.
  • Ferrier, M. ve Garud-Patkar N. (2018), TrollBusters: Fighting Online Harassment of Women Journalists (Eds.: J. R. Vickery ve T. Everbach), Mediating Misogyny: Gender, Technology, and Harassment, s.311–332. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
  • Finn, J. (2004), A Survey of Online Harassment at a University Campus, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(4), s.468-483.
  • Godin B. (2006), On the Origins of Bibliometrics. Scientometrics, 68(1), 109-133.
  • Gong, R., Xue, J., Zhao, L., Zolotova, O., Ji, X. ve Xu, Y. (2019), A Bibliometric Analysis of Green Supply Chain Management Based on the Web of Science (WOS) Platform, Sustainability, 11(12), s.1-18.
  • Harlow, S., Wallace, R. ve Cueva Chacón, L. (2022), Digital (In) Security in Latin America: The Dimensions of Social Media Violence against the Press and Journalists’ Coping Strategies, Digital Journalism, s.1-19.
  • Henrichsen, J. R. ve Shelton, M. (2022), Expanding the Analytical Boundaries of Mob Censorship: How Technology and Infrastructure Enable Novel Threats to Journalists and Strategies for Mitigation, Digital Journalism, s.1-20.
  • Holton, A. E., Belair-Gagnon, V., Bossio, D. ve Molyneux, L. (2021), “Not Their Fault, but Their Problem”: Organizational Responses to the Online Harassment of Journalists, Journalism Practice, 15, s.1-16.
  • Jane, E. A. (2020), Online Abuse and Harassment, The International Encyclopedia of Gender, Media, and Communication, s.1-16.
  • Jones, C., Trott, V. ve Wright, S. (2019), Sluts and Soyboys: MGTOW and the Production of Misogynistic Online Harrasment, New Media & Society, 22(10), s.1-19.
  • Jones, L. M., Mitchell, K. J. ve Finkelhor, D. (2013), Online Harassment in Context: Trends from Three Youth Internet Safety Surveys (2000, 2005, 2010), Psychology of Violence, 3(1), s.53–69.
  • Koirala, S. (2020), Female Journalists’ Experience of Online Harassment: A Case Study of Nepal, Media and Communication, 8(1), s.47-56.
  • Kowalski, R. M. ve Limber, S. P. (2007), Electronic Bullying Among Middle School Students, Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6), s. 22-S30.
  • Lewis, S. C., Zamith, R. ve Coddington, M. (2020), Online Harassment and its Implications for the Journalist–Audience Relationship, Digital Journalism, 8(8), s.1047-1067.
  • Malcorps, S., Libert, M. ve Le Cam, F. (2022), A Matter of Organisational Silence: Media Managers Struggling to Make Sense of the Online Harassment of Journalists as a Collective Issue in Journalism, Digital Journalism, s.1-18.
  • Martínez-López, F. J., Merigó, J. M., Valenzuela-Fernández, L. ve Nicolás, C. (2018), Fifty Years of the European Journal of Marketing: A Bibliometric Analysis, European Journal of Marketing, 52(1/2), s.439-468.
  • Massanari, A. (2017), #Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s Algorithm, Governance, and Culture Support Toxic Technocultures, New Media & Society, 19(3), s.329-346.
  • Merigó, J. M. ve Yang J. B. (2017), A Bibliometric Analysis of Operations Research and Management Science, Omega, 73, s.37-48.
  • Miller, K. C. ve S. C. Lewis. (2020), Journalists, Harassment, and Emotional Labor: The Case of Women in On-Air Roles at US Local Television Stations, Journalism, 23(1), s.1-19.
  • Nadim, M. ve Fladmoe, A. (2019), Silencing Women? Gender and Online Harassment, Social Science Computer Review, 20(10), s.1-14.
  • Nick, E. A., Cole, D. A., Cho, S. J., Smith, D. K., Carter, T. G. ve Zelkowitz, R. L. (2018), The Online Social Support Scale: Measure Development and Validation, Psychological Assessment; Arlington, 30(9), s.1127-1143.
  • O'Keeffe, G. S. ve Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011), The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families, Pediatrics 127(4), s.800-804.
  • Panievsky, A. (2022), Strategic Rituals of Loyalty: When Israeli Journalists Face Digital Hate, Digital Journalism, s.1-22.
  • Salter, M. (2018), From Geek Masculinity to Gamergate: The Technological Rationality of Online Abuse, Crime, Media, Culture, 14(2), s. 247-264.
  • Sánchez, A. D., Del Río, M. D. L. C. ve García, J. Á. (2017), Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Wine Tourism in the Databases Scopus and WoS, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 23(1), s.8-15.
  • Sarkar, A., Wang, H., Rahman, A., Memon, W. H. ve Qian, L. (2022), A Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainable Agriculture: Based on the Web of Science (WOS) Platform, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(26), s.38928-38949.
  • Sengupta, A. ve Chaudhuri, A. (2011), Are Social Networking Sites a Source of Online Harassment for Teens? Evidence from Survey Data, Children and Youth Services Review, 33(2), s.284-290.
  • Tokunaga, R. S. (2010), Following You Home from School: A Critical Review and Synthesis of Research on Cyberbullying Victimization, Computers in Human Behavior, 26(3), s.277-287.
  • Tong, S. T., Stoycheff, E. ve Mitra, R. (2022), Racism and Resilience of Pandemic Proportions: Online Harassment of Asian Americans During COVID-19, Journal of Applied Communication Research, s.1-18.
  • Valkenburg, P. M. ve Peter, J. (2011), Online Communication Among Adolescents: An Integrated Model of its Attraction, Opportunities, and Risk, Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2), s.121-127.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2010), Software Survey: VOSviewer, a Computer Program for Bibliometric Mapping, Scientometrics, 84(2), s.523–538.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2011a), Text Mining and Visualization Using VOSviewer, arXiv preprint arXiv:1109.2058.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2011b), VOSviewer Manual, Manual for VOSviewer Version 1.0, s.1-10.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2017), Citation-Based Clustering of Publications Using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer, Scientometrics, 111, s.1053-1070.
  • Vera-Gray, F. (2017), Talk About a Cunt with Too Much Idle Time”: Trolling Feminist Research, Feminist Review, 115(1), s.61–78.
  • Vidgen, B., Margetts, H. ve Harris, A. (2019), How Much Online Abuse is There, Alan Turing Institute, Public Policy Programme Hate Speech: Measures and Counter Measures, s.1-54.
  • Vogels, E. A. (2021), The State of Online Harassment, Pew Research Center, s.1-54.
  • Waisbord, S. (2020), Mob Censorship: Online Harassment of US Journalists in Times of Digital Hate and Populism, Digital Journalism, 8(8), s.1030-1046.
  • Waisbord, S. (2022), Can Journalists Be Safe in a Violent World? Journalism Practice, 16(9), s.1948-1954.
  • We Are Social (2023), The Changing World of Digital in 2023, https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2023/01/the-changing-world-of-digital-in-2023/, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2023).
  • Web of Science (2023), Help Center, https://mjl.clarivate.com/help-center, (Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2023).
  • Williams, J. C., Nunes, D. ve Tankeh, L. (2023), COVID-19 Racism and the Perpetual Foreigner Narrative: The Impacts on Asian American Students, Race Ethnicity and Education, 26(2), s.129-146.
  • Wolak, J., Mitchell, K. J. ve Finkelhor, D. (2007), Does Online Harassment Constitute Bullying? An Exploration of Online Harassment by Known Peers and Online-Only Contacts, Journal of Adolescent Health 41(6), s.51-58.
  • Ybarra, M. L., Diener-West, M. ve Leaf, P. J. (2007), Examining the Overlap in Internet Harassment and School Bullying: Implications for School Intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6), s.42-50.
  • Ybarra, M. L. ve Mitchell, K. J. (2004), Youth Engaging in Online Harassment: Associations with Caregiver–Child Relationships, Internet Use, and Personal Characteristics, Journal of Adolescence, 27(3), s.319-336.
  • Ybarra, M. L. ve Mitchell, K. J. (2008), How Risky are Social Networking Sites? A Comparison of Places Online Where Youth Sexual Solicitation and Harassment Occurs, Pediatrics, 121(2), s.350-357.

“Online Harassment” in the Historical Process: A Bibliometric Analysis

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 939 - 953, 31.07.2023

Yavuz Demir Muammer Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1265610
Cited By: 2

Öz

This study examines the studies on online harassment, which has become an important problem in internet and social media networks, with the help of bibliometric method. Online harassment has become a very important problem, especially with the popularization of social media networks, and the dimensions of individual or organized online harassment of various individuals or groups in these networks have also increased. In this respect, 301 research articles in the Web of Science database, which emerged using the key concept of "online harrassment", were examined. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the publications on this subject have gained intensity since 2016, the field of communication has shown great interest in these studies and the most publications were made in the USA. In the study, it was determined that common words such as “racism”, “sexual assault”, “news”, “coping strategies”, “culture”, YouTube”, “sexualization”, “digital gaming” and “sports media” were used less frequently with online harassment. This is important in terms of directing future studies to these issues.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Internet social media online harassment bibliometric analysis

Kaynakça

  • Adams, C. (2018), They Go for Gender First, Journalism Practice, 12(7), s. 850–869.
  • Alismaiel, O. A. (2023), Digital Media Used in Education: The Influence on Cyberbullying Behaviors among Youth Students, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), s.1-19.
  • Andreasen, M. B. (2020), Feminist/Activist Responses to Online Abuse, The International Encyclopedia of Gender, Media, and Communication, s.1-8.
  • Antunovic, D. (2019), We Wouldn’t Say it to Their Faces: Online Harassment, Women Sports Journalists, and Feminism, Feminist Media Studies, 19(3), s.428-442.
  • Baloğlu, E. (2022), Siyasal İletişimde Instagram Kullanımı, (Ed.: Y. Demir), Siyasal İletişim Çalışmaları, s.207-230, Konya: Tablet Kitabevi.
  • Barak, A. (2005), Sexual Harassment on the Internet, Social Science Computer Review, 23(1), s.77-92.
  • Bjork, S., Offer, A. ve Söderberg, G. (2014), Time Series Citation Data: The Nobel Prize in Economics, Scientometrics, 98(1), s.185–196.
  • Celuch, M., Latikka, R., Oksa, R. ve Oksanen, A. (2023), Online Harassment and Hate Among Media Professionals: Reactions to One’s Own and Others’ Victimization, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, s.1-27.
  • Chang, F. C., Chiu, C. H., Chen, P. H., Chiang, J. T., Miao, N. F., Chuang, H. Y. ... ve Tseng, C. C. (2022), Smartphone Addiction and Victimization Predicts Sleep Problems and Depression Among Children, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 64, s.24-31.
  • Chen, G. M., Pain, P., Chen, V. Y., Mekelburg, M., Springer, N. ve Troger, F. (2020), ‘You Really Have to Have a Thick Skin’: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on How Online Harassment Influences Female Journalists, Journalism, 21(7), s.877-895.
  • Citron, D. K. (2014), Hate Crimes in Cyberspace, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Claesson, A. (2022), “I Really Wanted Them to Have My Back, but They Didn’t”—Structural Barriers to Addressing Gendered Online Violence against Journalists, Digital Journalism, s.1-20.
  • Clark, M. ve Grech, A. (2017), Journalists Under Pressure: Unwarranted İnterference, Fear and Self-Censorship in Europe. Paris: Council of Europe.
  • Demir, Y. ve Ayhan, B. (2022), Being a Female Sports Journalist on Twitter: Online Harassment, Sexualization, and Hegemony, International Journal of Sport Communication, 15(3), s.207-217.
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N. ve Lim, W. M. (2021), How to Conduct a Bibliometric Analysis: An Overview and Guidelines, Journal of Business Research, 133, s.285-296.
  • Döring, N. (2000), Feminist Views of Cybersex: Victimization, Liberation, and Empowerment, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 3(5), s.863-884.
  • Ellegaard, O., ve Wallin, J. A. (2015), The Bibliometric Analysis of Scholarly Production: How Great is the Impact? Scientometrics, 105, s.1809-1831.
  • Ferrier, M. ve Garud-Patkar N. (2018), TrollBusters: Fighting Online Harassment of Women Journalists (Eds.: J. R. Vickery ve T. Everbach), Mediating Misogyny: Gender, Technology, and Harassment, s.311–332. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
  • Finn, J. (2004), A Survey of Online Harassment at a University Campus, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(4), s.468-483.
  • Godin B. (2006), On the Origins of Bibliometrics. Scientometrics, 68(1), 109-133.
  • Gong, R., Xue, J., Zhao, L., Zolotova, O., Ji, X. ve Xu, Y. (2019), A Bibliometric Analysis of Green Supply Chain Management Based on the Web of Science (WOS) Platform, Sustainability, 11(12), s.1-18.
  • Harlow, S., Wallace, R. ve Cueva Chacón, L. (2022), Digital (In) Security in Latin America: The Dimensions of Social Media Violence against the Press and Journalists’ Coping Strategies, Digital Journalism, s.1-19.
  • Henrichsen, J. R. ve Shelton, M. (2022), Expanding the Analytical Boundaries of Mob Censorship: How Technology and Infrastructure Enable Novel Threats to Journalists and Strategies for Mitigation, Digital Journalism, s.1-20.
  • Holton, A. E., Belair-Gagnon, V., Bossio, D. ve Molyneux, L. (2021), “Not Their Fault, but Their Problem”: Organizational Responses to the Online Harassment of Journalists, Journalism Practice, 15, s.1-16.
  • Jane, E. A. (2020), Online Abuse and Harassment, The International Encyclopedia of Gender, Media, and Communication, s.1-16.
  • Jones, C., Trott, V. ve Wright, S. (2019), Sluts and Soyboys: MGTOW and the Production of Misogynistic Online Harrasment, New Media & Society, 22(10), s.1-19.
  • Jones, L. M., Mitchell, K. J. ve Finkelhor, D. (2013), Online Harassment in Context: Trends from Three Youth Internet Safety Surveys (2000, 2005, 2010), Psychology of Violence, 3(1), s.53–69.
  • Koirala, S. (2020), Female Journalists’ Experience of Online Harassment: A Case Study of Nepal, Media and Communication, 8(1), s.47-56.
  • Kowalski, R. M. ve Limber, S. P. (2007), Electronic Bullying Among Middle School Students, Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6), s. 22-S30.
  • Lewis, S. C., Zamith, R. ve Coddington, M. (2020), Online Harassment and its Implications for the Journalist–Audience Relationship, Digital Journalism, 8(8), s.1047-1067.
  • Malcorps, S., Libert, M. ve Le Cam, F. (2022), A Matter of Organisational Silence: Media Managers Struggling to Make Sense of the Online Harassment of Journalists as a Collective Issue in Journalism, Digital Journalism, s.1-18.
  • Martínez-López, F. J., Merigó, J. M., Valenzuela-Fernández, L. ve Nicolás, C. (2018), Fifty Years of the European Journal of Marketing: A Bibliometric Analysis, European Journal of Marketing, 52(1/2), s.439-468.
  • Massanari, A. (2017), #Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s Algorithm, Governance, and Culture Support Toxic Technocultures, New Media & Society, 19(3), s.329-346.
  • Merigó, J. M. ve Yang J. B. (2017), A Bibliometric Analysis of Operations Research and Management Science, Omega, 73, s.37-48.
  • Miller, K. C. ve S. C. Lewis. (2020), Journalists, Harassment, and Emotional Labor: The Case of Women in On-Air Roles at US Local Television Stations, Journalism, 23(1), s.1-19.
  • Nadim, M. ve Fladmoe, A. (2019), Silencing Women? Gender and Online Harassment, Social Science Computer Review, 20(10), s.1-14.
  • Nick, E. A., Cole, D. A., Cho, S. J., Smith, D. K., Carter, T. G. ve Zelkowitz, R. L. (2018), The Online Social Support Scale: Measure Development and Validation, Psychological Assessment; Arlington, 30(9), s.1127-1143.
  • O'Keeffe, G. S. ve Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011), The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families, Pediatrics 127(4), s.800-804.
  • Panievsky, A. (2022), Strategic Rituals of Loyalty: When Israeli Journalists Face Digital Hate, Digital Journalism, s.1-22.
  • Salter, M. (2018), From Geek Masculinity to Gamergate: The Technological Rationality of Online Abuse, Crime, Media, Culture, 14(2), s. 247-264.
  • Sánchez, A. D., Del Río, M. D. L. C. ve García, J. Á. (2017), Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Wine Tourism in the Databases Scopus and WoS, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 23(1), s.8-15.
  • Sarkar, A., Wang, H., Rahman, A., Memon, W. H. ve Qian, L. (2022), A Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainable Agriculture: Based on the Web of Science (WOS) Platform, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(26), s.38928-38949.
  • Sengupta, A. ve Chaudhuri, A. (2011), Are Social Networking Sites a Source of Online Harassment for Teens? Evidence from Survey Data, Children and Youth Services Review, 33(2), s.284-290.
  • Tokunaga, R. S. (2010), Following You Home from School: A Critical Review and Synthesis of Research on Cyberbullying Victimization, Computers in Human Behavior, 26(3), s.277-287.
  • Tong, S. T., Stoycheff, E. ve Mitra, R. (2022), Racism and Resilience of Pandemic Proportions: Online Harassment of Asian Americans During COVID-19, Journal of Applied Communication Research, s.1-18.
  • Valkenburg, P. M. ve Peter, J. (2011), Online Communication Among Adolescents: An Integrated Model of its Attraction, Opportunities, and Risk, Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2), s.121-127.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2010), Software Survey: VOSviewer, a Computer Program for Bibliometric Mapping, Scientometrics, 84(2), s.523–538.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2011a), Text Mining and Visualization Using VOSviewer, arXiv preprint arXiv:1109.2058.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2011b), VOSviewer Manual, Manual for VOSviewer Version 1.0, s.1-10.
  • Van Eck, N. J. ve Waltman, L. (2017), Citation-Based Clustering of Publications Using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer, Scientometrics, 111, s.1053-1070.
  • Vera-Gray, F. (2017), Talk About a Cunt with Too Much Idle Time”: Trolling Feminist Research, Feminist Review, 115(1), s.61–78.
  • Vidgen, B., Margetts, H. ve Harris, A. (2019), How Much Online Abuse is There, Alan Turing Institute, Public Policy Programme Hate Speech: Measures and Counter Measures, s.1-54.
  • Vogels, E. A. (2021), The State of Online Harassment, Pew Research Center, s.1-54.
  • Waisbord, S. (2020), Mob Censorship: Online Harassment of US Journalists in Times of Digital Hate and Populism, Digital Journalism, 8(8), s.1030-1046.
  • Waisbord, S. (2022), Can Journalists Be Safe in a Violent World? Journalism Practice, 16(9), s.1948-1954.
  • We Are Social (2023), The Changing World of Digital in 2023, https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2023/01/the-changing-world-of-digital-in-2023/, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2023).
  • Web of Science (2023), Help Center, https://mjl.clarivate.com/help-center, (Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2023).
  • Williams, J. C., Nunes, D. ve Tankeh, L. (2023), COVID-19 Racism and the Perpetual Foreigner Narrative: The Impacts on Asian American Students, Race Ethnicity and Education, 26(2), s.129-146.
  • Wolak, J., Mitchell, K. J. ve Finkelhor, D. (2007), Does Online Harassment Constitute Bullying? An Exploration of Online Harassment by Known Peers and Online-Only Contacts, Journal of Adolescent Health 41(6), s.51-58.
  • Ybarra, M. L., Diener-West, M. ve Leaf, P. J. (2007), Examining the Overlap in Internet Harassment and School Bullying: Implications for School Intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6), s.42-50.
  • Ybarra, M. L. ve Mitchell, K. J. (2004), Youth Engaging in Online Harassment: Associations with Caregiver–Child Relationships, Internet Use, and Personal Characteristics, Journal of Adolescence, 27(3), s.319-336.
  • Ybarra, M. L. ve Mitchell, K. J. (2008), How Risky are Social Networking Sites? A Comparison of Places Online Where Youth Sexual Solicitation and Harassment Occurs, Pediatrics, 121(2), s.350-357.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yavuz Demir 0000-0002-9755-0150

Muammer Öztürk 0000-0001-8124-7096

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demir, Y., & Öztürk, M. (2023). Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(2), 939-953. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1265610
AMA Demir Y, Öztürk M. Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. ASBİ. Temmuz 2023;23(2):939-953. doi:10.11616/asbi.1265610
Chicago Demir, Yavuz, ve Muammer Öztürk. “Tarihsel Süreçte ‘Çevrimiçi Taciz’: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz”. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 23, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2023): 939-53. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1265610.
EndNote Demir Y, Öztürk M (01 Temmuz 2023) Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 23 2 939–953.
IEEE Y. Demir ve M. Öztürk, “Tarihsel Süreçte ‘Çevrimiçi Taciz’: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz”, ASBİ, c. 23, sy. 2, ss. 939–953, 2023, doi: 10.11616/asbi.1265610.
ISNAD Demir, Yavuz - Öztürk, Muammer. “Tarihsel Süreçte ‘Çevrimiçi Taciz’: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz”. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 23/2 (Temmuz 2023), 939-953. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1265610.
JAMA Demir Y, Öztürk M. Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. ASBİ. 2023;23:939–953.
MLA Demir, Yavuz ve Muammer Öztürk. “Tarihsel Süreçte ‘Çevrimiçi Taciz’: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz”. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 939-53, doi:10.11616/asbi.1265610.
Vancouver Demir Y, Öztürk M. Tarihsel Süreçte “Çevrimiçi Taciz”: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. ASBİ. 2023;23(2):939-53.

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