Öz
Bireyler birbirlerinden farklı aile, çevre, arkadaş ortamı, vb. unsurların içinde büyüyüp yetiştiği için kültürel yaşamları arasında farklılıklar oluşmaktadır. Farklı iki kültürün birbirleriyle karşılaşması sonucunda ortaya çıkan etkileşimler kültürleşme kavramı çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Yeni bir ülkeye göçle yerleşen bireylerin çevresine hem kişisel hem de kolektif olarak alışma veya yaşama süreçlerini ele alan önemli bir kavramdır. Bireylerin yaşamaya başladıkları yeni topluma alışma süreci psikolojik, davranışsal ve duygusal açıdan birçok farklılık göstermektedir. Sosyo-kültürel, politik ve ekonomik açıdan birçok değişkenin de sürecin içinde olması nedeniyle kültürleşme çok yönlü bir süreç olarak ele alınmaktadır. John W. Berry’nin kültürleşme kapsamında yaptığı model çerçevesinde kültürleşme süreci bireyler ve toplumlar açısından iki farklı yönden incelenmektedir. Kişilerin ve toplumların toplumun yeni kültürüne ve kimlik özelliklerine alışması ve bu toplumla iletişime geçmeleri farklılık göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda bütünleşme, ayrılma, asimilasyon, marjinalleşme, çok kültürlülük, dışlama, eritme potası ve ayırma gibi birbirinden farklı süreçlere odaklanılmaktadır. Çalışmada kurgusal bir metin üzerinden yola çıkılarak, Meksika’dan ABD’ye göç eden bir anne ve kızının hayatının konu edildiği Spanglish filminde yaşananlar kültürleşme kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda sorgulama John W. Berry’nin (2001) kültürleşme modeli çerçevesinde amaçlı örneklem tekniğiyle gerçekleştirilmiş, nitel içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
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Proje Numarası
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Teşekkür
Doktora tez hocam, Sayın Prof. Dr. Emine Yavaşgel’e tüm emekleri, yardımları ve yönlendirmeleri için sonsuz teşekkürü borç bilirim.
Kaynakça
- Archuleta, A. J. (2012). Hispanic acculturation index: Advancing measurement in acculturation. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22(3), 297-318. google scholar
- Benet-Martinez, V., Leu, J., Lee, F., & Morris, M. W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism: Cultural frame switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(5), 492-516. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (1992). Acculturation and adaptation in a new society. International Migration, 30, 69-86. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5-34. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (2001). A psychology of immigration. Journal ofSocial Issues, 57(3), 615-631. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(6), 697-712. google scholar
- Bourhis, R. Y., Moise, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senecal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal ofPsychology, 32(6), 369-386. google scholar
- Cort, D. A. (2010). What happened to familial acculturation?, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33(2), 313-335. google scholar
- De La Rosa, M. (2009). Acculturation and latino adolescents’ substance use: A research agenda for the future. Substance Use & Misuse, 37(4), 429-456. google scholar
- Duverger, M. (1998). Siyaset sosyolojisi, İstanbul, Varlık Yayınları. google scholar
- Güvenç, B. (2013). İnsan ve kültür. İstanbul, Boyut Yayıncılık. google scholar
- Hernandez, D.J., Denton, N.A. & Macartney, S.E. (2008). Children in immigrant families: Looking to America’s future. Social policy report: Giving Child And Youth Development Knowledge Away (22), 2-22. google scholar
- IMDB, Spanglish. Erişim Tarihi: 04.11.2022. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0371246/ google scholar
- Koç Başaran, Y. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde örnekleme kuramı. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 5(47), 480-495. google scholar
- Larranaga, N., Garcia, I., Azurmendi, M.-J., & Bourhis, R. (2015). Identity and acculturation: Interethnic relations in the basque autonomous community. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(2), 131-149. google scholar
- Makarova, E. & D. Birman. (2016). “Minority students’ psychological adjustment in the school context: An integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation. Intercultural Education, 27(1), 1-21. google scholar
- Makarova, E., Gilde, J. ‘t. & Birman, D. (2019). Teachers as risk and resource factors in minority students’ school adjustment: An integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation. Intercultural Education, 30(5), 448-477. google scholar
- Marrow, Helen (2003), “To be or not to be (hispanic or latino)” Sage Publication, ss. 427-464. google scholar
- Özçetin, B. (2020). Kitle iletişim kuramları, kavramlar, okullar, modeller. İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
- Özdemir, N. (2017). Kültür bilimi ve yönetimi. Ankara, Grafiker Yayınları. google scholar
- Reynolds, A. L., Sodano, S. M., Ecklund, T. R. & Guyker, W. (2012). Dimensions of acculturation in native american college students. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 45(2), 101-112. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. (1995). Acculturation attidudes among young immigrants as a function of percieved parental attidudes toward cultural change. Journal of Early Adolescence, 15(2), 238-258. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When ındividuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(4), 472- 481. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. & Berry, J.W. (Eds.). (2006). The Cambridge handbook of acculturation psychology. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
- Titzmann, P. F., Raabe, T. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2008). Risk and protective factors for delinquency among male adolescent immigrants at different stages of the acculturation process. International Journal of Psychology, 43(1), 19-31. google scholar
- Uygunkan, S. B. (2005). Kültürleme kavramı ve televizyon. Kurgu Dergisi, (21), 205-213. google scholar
- Verhoeven, M. 2011. “Multiple embedded ınequalities and cultural diversity in educational systems: A theoretical and empirical exploration”. European Educational Research Journal, 10(2), 189-203. google scholar
Öz
Individuals differ from each other in family, environment, friend environment, etc. Since the elements grow and grow in them, some differences become distinctive in their cultural lives. The interactions that occur as a result of the encounter of two different cultures with each other are examined within the framework of the concept of acculturation. It is a useful concept that deals with the process of adapting to or living in a new nation, both individually and collectively for those who have relocated there. The process of getting used to the new society that individuals have started to live in shows many differences in terms of psychological, behavioral, emotional aspects. Acculturation is considered multifaceted as many sociocultural, political, and economic variables are involved. The acculturation process is studied from two separate perspectives in terms of individuals and societies within the framework of John W. Berry's model within the context of acculturation. The adaptation of individuals and societies to the new culture and identity characteristics of the society and their communication with this society differ. In this context, it focuses on different processes such as integration, separation, assimilation, marginalization, multiculturalism, exclusion, melting pot, and separation. In the study, based on a fictional text, the events in the movie Spanglish, which is the subject of the life of a mother and daughter who immigrated from Mexico to the USA, were examined within the scope of acculturation. The acculturation model proposed by John W. Berry (2001) serves as the study's model, while the purposive sampling technique is used as its method.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cultural Processes Acculturation Migration Communication Media Representation
Proje Numarası
-
Kaynakça
- Archuleta, A. J. (2012). Hispanic acculturation index: Advancing measurement in acculturation. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22(3), 297-318. google scholar
- Benet-Martinez, V., Leu, J., Lee, F., & Morris, M. W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism: Cultural frame switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(5), 492-516. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (1992). Acculturation and adaptation in a new society. International Migration, 30, 69-86. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5-34. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (2001). A psychology of immigration. Journal ofSocial Issues, 57(3), 615-631. google scholar
- Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(6), 697-712. google scholar
- Bourhis, R. Y., Moise, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senecal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal ofPsychology, 32(6), 369-386. google scholar
- Cort, D. A. (2010). What happened to familial acculturation?, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33(2), 313-335. google scholar
- De La Rosa, M. (2009). Acculturation and latino adolescents’ substance use: A research agenda for the future. Substance Use & Misuse, 37(4), 429-456. google scholar
- Duverger, M. (1998). Siyaset sosyolojisi, İstanbul, Varlık Yayınları. google scholar
- Güvenç, B. (2013). İnsan ve kültür. İstanbul, Boyut Yayıncılık. google scholar
- Hernandez, D.J., Denton, N.A. & Macartney, S.E. (2008). Children in immigrant families: Looking to America’s future. Social policy report: Giving Child And Youth Development Knowledge Away (22), 2-22. google scholar
- IMDB, Spanglish. Erişim Tarihi: 04.11.2022. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0371246/ google scholar
- Koç Başaran, Y. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde örnekleme kuramı. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 5(47), 480-495. google scholar
- Larranaga, N., Garcia, I., Azurmendi, M.-J., & Bourhis, R. (2015). Identity and acculturation: Interethnic relations in the basque autonomous community. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(2), 131-149. google scholar
- Makarova, E. & D. Birman. (2016). “Minority students’ psychological adjustment in the school context: An integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation. Intercultural Education, 27(1), 1-21. google scholar
- Makarova, E., Gilde, J. ‘t. & Birman, D. (2019). Teachers as risk and resource factors in minority students’ school adjustment: An integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation. Intercultural Education, 30(5), 448-477. google scholar
- Marrow, Helen (2003), “To be or not to be (hispanic or latino)” Sage Publication, ss. 427-464. google scholar
- Özçetin, B. (2020). Kitle iletişim kuramları, kavramlar, okullar, modeller. İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
- Özdemir, N. (2017). Kültür bilimi ve yönetimi. Ankara, Grafiker Yayınları. google scholar
- Reynolds, A. L., Sodano, S. M., Ecklund, T. R. & Guyker, W. (2012). Dimensions of acculturation in native american college students. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 45(2), 101-112. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. (1995). Acculturation attidudes among young immigrants as a function of percieved parental attidudes toward cultural change. Journal of Early Adolescence, 15(2), 238-258. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When ındividuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(4), 472- 481. google scholar
- Sam, D. L. & Berry, J.W. (Eds.). (2006). The Cambridge handbook of acculturation psychology. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
- Titzmann, P. F., Raabe, T. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2008). Risk and protective factors for delinquency among male adolescent immigrants at different stages of the acculturation process. International Journal of Psychology, 43(1), 19-31. google scholar
- Uygunkan, S. B. (2005). Kültürleme kavramı ve televizyon. Kurgu Dergisi, (21), 205-213. google scholar
- Verhoeven, M. 2011. “Multiple embedded ınequalities and cultural diversity in educational systems: A theoretical and empirical exploration”. European Educational Research Journal, 10(2), 189-203. google scholar
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Kültürel çalışmalar |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | - |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 19 Ocak 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Sayı: 21 |
- Makale Dosyaları