Teorik Makale
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 101 - 122, 31.12.2022
Öz
İklim değişikliği, küresel çerçevede toplum ve çeşitli endüstri alanlarında farklı seviyelerde çok geniş çapta etkilere sahip bir olgudur. İçerik analizi çerçevesinde hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, ikincil verileri kullanarak turizmin iklim değişikliği ile ilişkisini belirlemek ve iklim değişikliğinin küresel çevre ve turizm bölgeleri üzerindeki ana etkilerini Avrupa ve Akdeniz bölgesinde yer alan turizm destinasyonlarından örnekler vererek ortaya koymaktır. Amaca yönelik olarak farklı çalışmalar ve iş birlikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Hazırlanan rapor ve toplantı sonuçları dikkate alınarak sürdürülebilirliğe yönelik adımların neler olabileceği konusunda bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Agnew,M.D.,&Palutikof,J.P.(2006).Impactsofshort-termclimatevariabilityintheUKondemandfordomesticandinternationaltourism.ClimateResearch,31(1),109-120.
- Amelung,B.,Nicholls,S.,&Viner,D.(2007).Implicationsofglobalclimatechangefortourismflowsandseasonality.JournalofTravelResearch,45(3),285-296.
- Amelung,B.&Moreno,A.(2009).ImpactsofclimatechangeintourisminEurope.PESETA-TourismStudy,JRCScientificandTechnicalReports
- Arabadzhyan,A.,Figini,P.,García,C.,González,M.M.,Lam-González,Y.E.,&León,C.J.(2021).Climatechange,coastaltourism,andimpactchains–aliteraturereview.CurrentIssuesinTourism,24(16),2233-2268.
- Barker,T.,Dagoumas,A.,&Rubin,J.(2009).Themacroeconomicreboundeffectandtheworldeconomy.EnergyEfficiency,2,411-427.
- Becken,S.(2005).Harmonisingclimatechangeadaptationandmitigation:ThecaseoftouristresortsinFiji.GlobalEnvironmentalChange,15(4),381-393.
- Becken,S.,&Hay,J.(2012).Climatechangeandtourism:Frompolicytopractice.Routledge.
- Becken,S.,&Hay,J.E.(2007).Tourismandclimatechange:Risksandopportunities.ChannelViewPublications,Clevedon
- Becken,S.,Simmons,D.G.,&Frampton,C.(2003).Energyuseassociatedwithdifferenttravelchoices.TourismManagement,24(3),267-277.
- Becken,S.,Wilson,J.,&Reisinger,A.(2010).Weather,climateandtourism:ANewZealandperspective.LandEnvironmentandPeopleResearchReport,(20).
- Benoit,G.,&Comeau,A.(Eds.).(2012).AsustainablefuturefortheMediterranean:TheBluePlan'senvironmentanddevelopmentoutlook.Earthscan-UNEP
- Bode,S.,Hapke,J.,&Zisler,S.(2003).Needandoptionsforaregenerativeenergysupplyinholidayfacilities.TourismManagement,24(3),257-266.
- Brouwer,R.,Brander,L.,&VanBeukering,P.(2008).Aconvenienttruth:Airtravelpassengers’willingnesstopaytooffsettheirCO2emissions.ClimaticChange,90(3),299-313.
- Buckley,R.(2003).Casestudiesinecotourism.CabiPublishing,1-5.
- Chapman,L.(2007).Transportandclimatechange:areview.Journaloftransportgeography,15(5),354-367.
- Cocolas,N.,Walters,G.,&Ruhanen,L.(2016).BehaviouraladaptationtoclimatechangeamongwinterAlpinetourists:Ananalysisoftouristmotivationsandleisuresubstitutability.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(6),846-865
- Cohen,S.A.,&Higham,J.E.(2011).Eyeswideshut?UKconsumerperceptionsonaviationclimateimpactsandtraveldecisionstoNewZealand.CurrentIssuesinTourism,14(4),323-335.
- Daley,B.(2009).Isairtransportaneffectivetoolforsustainabledevelopment?SustainableDevelopment,17(4),210-219.
- Danielopol,D.L.,Griebler,C.,Gunatilaka,A.,&Notenboom,J.(2003).Presentstateandfutureprospectsforgroundwaterecosystems.EnvironmentalConservation,30(2),104-130.
- Drijfhout,S.,Bathiany,S.,Beaulieu,C.,Brovkin,V.,Claussen,M.,Huntingford,C.,...&Swingedouw,D.(2015).Catalogueofabruptshiftsinintergovernmentalpanelonclimatechangeclimatemodels.ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,112(43),E5777-E5786.
- El-Masry,E.A.,El-Sayed,M.K.,Awad,M.A.,El-Sammak,A.A.,&ElSabarouti,M.A.(2021).VulnerabilityoftourismtoclimatechangeontheMediterraneancoastalareaofElHammam–ElAlamein,Egypt.Environment,DevelopmentandSustainability,1-21.
- Falarz,M.,Bielec-Bąkowska,Z.,Wypych,A.,Matuszko,D.,Niedźwiedź,T.,Pińskwar,I.,...&Wibig,J.(2021).ClimatechangeinPoland—summary,discussionandconclusion.InClimateChangeinPoland(pp.561-581).Springer,Cham.
- FinancialStabilityBoard(2015).FSBtoestablishtaskforceonclimate-relatedfinancialdisclosures.pressrelease,4.
- Gómez-Martín,M.B.(2006).ClimatepotentialandtouristdemandinCatalonia(Spain)duringthesummerseason.ClimateResearch,32(1),75-87.
- Gössling,S.,&MichaelHall,C.(2008).Swedishtourismandclimatechangemitigation:Anemergingconflict?ScandinavianJournalofHospitalityandTourism,8(2),141-158.
- Gössling,S.,&Scott,D.(2018).Thedecarbonisationimpasse:globaltourismleaders’viewsonclimatechangemitigation.JournalofSustainableTourism,26(12),2071-2086.
- Gössling,S.,Hall,C.M.,&Scott,D.(2009).Thechallengesoftourismasadevelopmentstrategyinaneraofglobalclimatechange.Rethinkingdevelopmentinacarbon-constrainedworld.DevelopmentCooperationandClimateChange,100-119.
- Gössling,S.,Scott,D.,&Hall,C.M.(2013).Challengesoftourisminalow‐carboneconomy.WileyInterdisciplinaryReviews:ClimateChange,4(6),525-538.
- Gössling,S.,Scott,D.,&Hall,C.M.(2015).Inter-marketvariabilityinCO2emission-intensitiesintourism:Implicationsfordestinationmarketingandcarbonmanagement.TourismManagement,46,203-212.
- Hall,C.M.(2016).Interveninginacademicinterventions:framingsocialmarketing'spotentialforsuccessfulsustainabletourismbehaviouralchange.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(3),350-375.
- Hall,C.M.,Scott,D.,&Gössling,S.(2013).Theprimacyofclimatechangeforsustainableinternationaltourism.SustainableDevelopment,21(2),112-121.
- Hamilton,J.M.,Maddison,D.J.,&Tol,R.S.(2005).Effectsofclimatechangeoninternationaltourism.ClimateResearch,29(3),245-254.
- Hamilton,J.M.&Tol,R.S.J.(2007),TheimpactofclimatechangeontourisminGermany,theUKandIreland:Asimulationstudy.RegionalEnvironmentalChange,7,161-172.
- Khaeriah,R.H.M.K.(2021).SustainabletourismdevelopmentinTangerangcity:Howtobuildacommunity-basedecotourismconcept.Enrichment:JournalofManagement,12(1),542-549.
- Lee,H.(2000),Climatechangepolicyandthesustainablefuture,InternationalReviewforEnvironmentalStrategies,1,17-23.
- Lise,W.,&Tol,R.S.(2002).Impactofclimateontouristdemand.ClimaticChange,55(4),429-449.
- Lordkipanidze,M.,Brezet,H.,&Backman,M.(2005).Theentrepreneurshipfactorinsustainabletourismdevelopment.JournalofCleanerProduction,13(8),787-798.
- Matias,Á.,Nijkamp,P.,&Sarmento,M.(2009).Advancesintourismeconomics.Heidelberg:Physica-Verlag.
- Matzarakis,A.(2002).Examplesofclimateandtourismresearchfortourismdemands.InProceedingsofthe15thConferenceonBiometeorologyandAerobiologyjointwiththeInternationalCongressonBiometeorology,27October-1November2002,KansasCity,Missouri,391-392.
- Mayor,K.veTol,R.S.J.(2007).TheimpactoftheUKaviationtaxoncarbondioxideemissionsandvisitornumbers.TransportPolicy,14(6),507-513
- McKercher,B.,Prideaux,B.,Cheung,C.,&Law,R.(2010).Achievingvoluntaryreductionsinthecarbonfootprintoftourismandclimatechange.JournalofSustainableTourism,18(3),297-317.
- Mwinuka,O.H.(2017).Reviewingtheroleoftourismmarketinginsuccessfulsustainabletouristdestinations.AfricanJournalofHospitality,TourismandLeisure,6(2),1-11.
- Ozturk,T.,Ceber,Z.P.,Türkeş,M.,&Kurnaz,M.L.(2015).ProjectionsofclimatechangeintheMediterraneanBasinbyusingdownscaledglobalclimatemodeloutputs.InternationalJournalofClimatology,35(14),4276-4292.
- Paul,F.,Kääb,A.,Maisch,M.,Kellenberger,T.,&Haeberli,W.(2004).RapiddisintegrationofAlpineglaciersobservedwithsatellitedata.GeophysicalResearchLetters,31(21).
- Peeters,P.A.U.L.,Gössling,S.,&Lane,B.(2009).Movingtowardslow-carbontourism:Newopportunitiesfordestinationsandtouroperators.InS.Gössling,C.M.Hall,&D.B.Weaver(Eds.),SustainableTourismFutures,240-257,Routledge.
- Pilli-Sihvola,K.,&Väätäinen-Chimpuku,S.(2016).Definingclimatechangeadaptationanddisasterriskreductionpolicyintegration:EvidenceandrecommendationsfromZambia.InternationalJournalofDisasterRiskReduction,19,461-473.
- Scott,D.(2021).SustainableTourismandtheGrandChallengeofClimateChange.Sustainability,13(4),1966.
- Scott,D.,&McBoyle,G.(2001,December).Usinga‘tourismclimateindex’toexaminetheimplicationsofclimatechangeforclimateasatourismresource.InFirstInternationalWorkshoponClimate,TourismandRecreation(pp.69-88).PortoCarras:InternationalSocietyofBiometeorology.
- Scott,D.,Dawson,J.&Jones,B.(2008).ClimatechangevulnerabilityoftheUSNortheastwinterrecreation-tourismsector.MitigAdabtStratGlobChange,13,577-596
- Scott,D.,Hall,C.M.,&Gössling,S.(2016).AreportontheParisClimateChangeAgreementanditsimplicationsfortourism:WhywewillalwayshaveParis.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(7),933-948.
- Scott,D.,Jones,B.,&Konopek,J.(2007).Implicationsofclimateandenvironmentalchangefornature-basedtourismintheCanadianRockyMountains:AcasestudyofWatertonLakesNationalPark.TourismManagement,28(2),570-579.
- Scott,D.,McBoyle,G.,&Schwartzentruber,M.(2004).ClimatechangeandthedistributionofclimaticresourcesfortourisminNorthAmerica.ClimateResearch,27(2),105-117.
- Sharpley,R.(2000).Tourismandsustainabledevelopment:Exploringthetheoreticaldivide.JournalofSustainabletourism,8(1),1-19.
- Sheller,M.(2021).ReconstructingtourismintheCaribbean:connectingpandemicrecovery,climateresilience,andsustainabletourismthroughmobilityjustice.JournalofSustainableTourism,29(9),1436-1449.
- Shih,C.,Nicholls,S.&Holecek,D.F.(2009).Impactofweatherondownhillskiliftticketsales.JournalofTravelResearch,47(3),359-372.
- Stanciulescu,G.,Voineagu,V.,Titan,E.,Ghita,S.,&Boboc,C.(2010).Analysisofhospitality&tourismindustrytrendsinSouthern-WesternEurope,betweentheinternationalorganizations'estimatesfor2020.ERSA2010-50thCongressoftheEuropeanRegionalScienceAssociation,Jönköping.
- Steiger,R&Mayer,M.(2008).Snowmakingandclimatechange.MountainResearchandDevelopment,28(3),292-298
- Stern,N.(2006).Theeconomicsofclimatechange:TheSternreview.CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge,UK
- Stern,D.I.,&Jotzo,F.(2010).HowambitiousareChinaandIndia’semissionsintensitytargets?EnergyPolicy,38(11),6776-6783.
- Tol,R.S.(2007).Theimpactofacarbontaxoninternationaltourism.TransportationResearchPartD:TransportandEnvironment,12(2),129-142.
- UNWTO,U.,&Change,W.C.(2008).Tourism:RespondingtoGlobalChallenges.Madrid,UnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganization;UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram:Paris,France.
- Uyarra,M.C.,Cote,I.M.,Gill,J.A.,Tinch,R.R.,Viner,D.,&Watkinson,A.R.(2005).Island-specificpreferencesoftouristsforenvironmentalfeatures:implicationsofclimatechangefortourism-dependentstates.EnvironmentalConservation,32(1),11-19.
- Vanat,L.(2021).Overviewofthekeyindustryfiguresforskiresorts.2021InternationalReportonSnow&MountainTourism
- Vigl,L.E.,Marsoner,T.,Schirpke,U.,Tscholl,S.,Candiago,S.,&Depellegrin,D.(2021).Amulti-pressureanalysisofecosystemservicesforconservationplanningintheAlps.EcosystemServices,47,101230.
- Wang,J.,Wang,S.,Wang,H.,Zhang,Z.,&Ru,X.(2021).Examiningwhenandhowperceivedsustainability-relatedclimateinfluencespro-environmentalbehaviorsoftourismdestinationresidentsinChina.JournalofHospitalityandTourismManagement,48,357-367.
- Williams,P.W.,&Ponsford,I.F.(2009).Confrontingtourism'senvironmentalparadox:Transitioningforsustainabletourism.Futures,41(6),396-404.
- Zeppel,H.(2012).Collaborativegovernanceforlow-carbontourism:ClimatechangeinitiativesbyAustraliantourismagencies.CurrentIssuesinTourism,15(7),603-626.
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 101 - 122, 31.12.2022
Öz
Climate change is a phenomenon that has wide-ranging effects at different levels in society and various industries in a global context. The aim of this study, which was prepared within the framework of content analysis, is to determine the relationship between tourism and climate change by using secondary data and to reveal the main effects of climate change on global environment and tourism regions by giving examples from tourism destinations in Europe and the Mediterranean region. Different studies and collaborations have been evaluated for this purpose. Considering the prepared report and meeting results, some suggestions were made about what steps could be taken towards sustainability.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Agnew,M.D.,&Palutikof,J.P.(2006).Impactsofshort-termclimatevariabilityintheUKondemandfordomesticandinternationaltourism.ClimateResearch,31(1),109-120.
- Amelung,B.,Nicholls,S.,&Viner,D.(2007).Implicationsofglobalclimatechangefortourismflowsandseasonality.JournalofTravelResearch,45(3),285-296.
- Amelung,B.&Moreno,A.(2009).ImpactsofclimatechangeintourisminEurope.PESETA-TourismStudy,JRCScientificandTechnicalReports
- Arabadzhyan,A.,Figini,P.,García,C.,González,M.M.,Lam-González,Y.E.,&León,C.J.(2021).Climatechange,coastaltourism,andimpactchains–aliteraturereview.CurrentIssuesinTourism,24(16),2233-2268.
- Barker,T.,Dagoumas,A.,&Rubin,J.(2009).Themacroeconomicreboundeffectandtheworldeconomy.EnergyEfficiency,2,411-427.
- Becken,S.(2005).Harmonisingclimatechangeadaptationandmitigation:ThecaseoftouristresortsinFiji.GlobalEnvironmentalChange,15(4),381-393.
- Becken,S.,&Hay,J.(2012).Climatechangeandtourism:Frompolicytopractice.Routledge.
- Becken,S.,&Hay,J.E.(2007).Tourismandclimatechange:Risksandopportunities.ChannelViewPublications,Clevedon
- Becken,S.,Simmons,D.G.,&Frampton,C.(2003).Energyuseassociatedwithdifferenttravelchoices.TourismManagement,24(3),267-277.
- Becken,S.,Wilson,J.,&Reisinger,A.(2010).Weather,climateandtourism:ANewZealandperspective.LandEnvironmentandPeopleResearchReport,(20).
- Benoit,G.,&Comeau,A.(Eds.).(2012).AsustainablefuturefortheMediterranean:TheBluePlan'senvironmentanddevelopmentoutlook.Earthscan-UNEP
- Bode,S.,Hapke,J.,&Zisler,S.(2003).Needandoptionsforaregenerativeenergysupplyinholidayfacilities.TourismManagement,24(3),257-266.
- Brouwer,R.,Brander,L.,&VanBeukering,P.(2008).Aconvenienttruth:Airtravelpassengers’willingnesstopaytooffsettheirCO2emissions.ClimaticChange,90(3),299-313.
- Buckley,R.(2003).Casestudiesinecotourism.CabiPublishing,1-5.
- Chapman,L.(2007).Transportandclimatechange:areview.Journaloftransportgeography,15(5),354-367.
- Cocolas,N.,Walters,G.,&Ruhanen,L.(2016).BehaviouraladaptationtoclimatechangeamongwinterAlpinetourists:Ananalysisoftouristmotivationsandleisuresubstitutability.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(6),846-865
- Cohen,S.A.,&Higham,J.E.(2011).Eyeswideshut?UKconsumerperceptionsonaviationclimateimpactsandtraveldecisionstoNewZealand.CurrentIssuesinTourism,14(4),323-335.
- Daley,B.(2009).Isairtransportaneffectivetoolforsustainabledevelopment?SustainableDevelopment,17(4),210-219.
- Danielopol,D.L.,Griebler,C.,Gunatilaka,A.,&Notenboom,J.(2003).Presentstateandfutureprospectsforgroundwaterecosystems.EnvironmentalConservation,30(2),104-130.
- Drijfhout,S.,Bathiany,S.,Beaulieu,C.,Brovkin,V.,Claussen,M.,Huntingford,C.,...&Swingedouw,D.(2015).Catalogueofabruptshiftsinintergovernmentalpanelonclimatechangeclimatemodels.ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,112(43),E5777-E5786.
- El-Masry,E.A.,El-Sayed,M.K.,Awad,M.A.,El-Sammak,A.A.,&ElSabarouti,M.A.(2021).VulnerabilityoftourismtoclimatechangeontheMediterraneancoastalareaofElHammam–ElAlamein,Egypt.Environment,DevelopmentandSustainability,1-21.
- Falarz,M.,Bielec-Bąkowska,Z.,Wypych,A.,Matuszko,D.,Niedźwiedź,T.,Pińskwar,I.,...&Wibig,J.(2021).ClimatechangeinPoland—summary,discussionandconclusion.InClimateChangeinPoland(pp.561-581).Springer,Cham.
- FinancialStabilityBoard(2015).FSBtoestablishtaskforceonclimate-relatedfinancialdisclosures.pressrelease,4.
- Gómez-Martín,M.B.(2006).ClimatepotentialandtouristdemandinCatalonia(Spain)duringthesummerseason.ClimateResearch,32(1),75-87.
- Gössling,S.,&MichaelHall,C.(2008).Swedishtourismandclimatechangemitigation:Anemergingconflict?ScandinavianJournalofHospitalityandTourism,8(2),141-158.
- Gössling,S.,&Scott,D.(2018).Thedecarbonisationimpasse:globaltourismleaders’viewsonclimatechangemitigation.JournalofSustainableTourism,26(12),2071-2086.
- Gössling,S.,Hall,C.M.,&Scott,D.(2009).Thechallengesoftourismasadevelopmentstrategyinaneraofglobalclimatechange.Rethinkingdevelopmentinacarbon-constrainedworld.DevelopmentCooperationandClimateChange,100-119.
- Gössling,S.,Scott,D.,&Hall,C.M.(2013).Challengesoftourisminalow‐carboneconomy.WileyInterdisciplinaryReviews:ClimateChange,4(6),525-538.
- Gössling,S.,Scott,D.,&Hall,C.M.(2015).Inter-marketvariabilityinCO2emission-intensitiesintourism:Implicationsfordestinationmarketingandcarbonmanagement.TourismManagement,46,203-212.
- Hall,C.M.(2016).Interveninginacademicinterventions:framingsocialmarketing'spotentialforsuccessfulsustainabletourismbehaviouralchange.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(3),350-375.
- Hall,C.M.,Scott,D.,&Gössling,S.(2013).Theprimacyofclimatechangeforsustainableinternationaltourism.SustainableDevelopment,21(2),112-121.
- Hamilton,J.M.,Maddison,D.J.,&Tol,R.S.(2005).Effectsofclimatechangeoninternationaltourism.ClimateResearch,29(3),245-254.
- Hamilton,J.M.&Tol,R.S.J.(2007),TheimpactofclimatechangeontourisminGermany,theUKandIreland:Asimulationstudy.RegionalEnvironmentalChange,7,161-172.
- Khaeriah,R.H.M.K.(2021).SustainabletourismdevelopmentinTangerangcity:Howtobuildacommunity-basedecotourismconcept.Enrichment:JournalofManagement,12(1),542-549.
- Lee,H.(2000),Climatechangepolicyandthesustainablefuture,InternationalReviewforEnvironmentalStrategies,1,17-23.
- Lise,W.,&Tol,R.S.(2002).Impactofclimateontouristdemand.ClimaticChange,55(4),429-449.
- Lordkipanidze,M.,Brezet,H.,&Backman,M.(2005).Theentrepreneurshipfactorinsustainabletourismdevelopment.JournalofCleanerProduction,13(8),787-798.
- Matias,Á.,Nijkamp,P.,&Sarmento,M.(2009).Advancesintourismeconomics.Heidelberg:Physica-Verlag.
- Matzarakis,A.(2002).Examplesofclimateandtourismresearchfortourismdemands.InProceedingsofthe15thConferenceonBiometeorologyandAerobiologyjointwiththeInternationalCongressonBiometeorology,27October-1November2002,KansasCity,Missouri,391-392.
- Mayor,K.veTol,R.S.J.(2007).TheimpactoftheUKaviationtaxoncarbondioxideemissionsandvisitornumbers.TransportPolicy,14(6),507-513
- McKercher,B.,Prideaux,B.,Cheung,C.,&Law,R.(2010).Achievingvoluntaryreductionsinthecarbonfootprintoftourismandclimatechange.JournalofSustainableTourism,18(3),297-317.
- Mwinuka,O.H.(2017).Reviewingtheroleoftourismmarketinginsuccessfulsustainabletouristdestinations.AfricanJournalofHospitality,TourismandLeisure,6(2),1-11.
- Ozturk,T.,Ceber,Z.P.,Türkeş,M.,&Kurnaz,M.L.(2015).ProjectionsofclimatechangeintheMediterraneanBasinbyusingdownscaledglobalclimatemodeloutputs.InternationalJournalofClimatology,35(14),4276-4292.
- Paul,F.,Kääb,A.,Maisch,M.,Kellenberger,T.,&Haeberli,W.(2004).RapiddisintegrationofAlpineglaciersobservedwithsatellitedata.GeophysicalResearchLetters,31(21).
- Peeters,P.A.U.L.,Gössling,S.,&Lane,B.(2009).Movingtowardslow-carbontourism:Newopportunitiesfordestinationsandtouroperators.InS.Gössling,C.M.Hall,&D.B.Weaver(Eds.),SustainableTourismFutures,240-257,Routledge.
- Pilli-Sihvola,K.,&Väätäinen-Chimpuku,S.(2016).Definingclimatechangeadaptationanddisasterriskreductionpolicyintegration:EvidenceandrecommendationsfromZambia.InternationalJournalofDisasterRiskReduction,19,461-473.
- Scott,D.(2021).SustainableTourismandtheGrandChallengeofClimateChange.Sustainability,13(4),1966.
- Scott,D.,&McBoyle,G.(2001,December).Usinga‘tourismclimateindex’toexaminetheimplicationsofclimatechangeforclimateasatourismresource.InFirstInternationalWorkshoponClimate,TourismandRecreation(pp.69-88).PortoCarras:InternationalSocietyofBiometeorology.
- Scott,D.,Dawson,J.&Jones,B.(2008).ClimatechangevulnerabilityoftheUSNortheastwinterrecreation-tourismsector.MitigAdabtStratGlobChange,13,577-596
- Scott,D.,Hall,C.M.,&Gössling,S.(2016).AreportontheParisClimateChangeAgreementanditsimplicationsfortourism:WhywewillalwayshaveParis.JournalofSustainableTourism,24(7),933-948.
- Scott,D.,Jones,B.,&Konopek,J.(2007).Implicationsofclimateandenvironmentalchangefornature-basedtourismintheCanadianRockyMountains:AcasestudyofWatertonLakesNationalPark.TourismManagement,28(2),570-579.
- Scott,D.,McBoyle,G.,&Schwartzentruber,M.(2004).ClimatechangeandthedistributionofclimaticresourcesfortourisminNorthAmerica.ClimateResearch,27(2),105-117.
- Sharpley,R.(2000).Tourismandsustainabledevelopment:Exploringthetheoreticaldivide.JournalofSustainabletourism,8(1),1-19.
- Sheller,M.(2021).ReconstructingtourismintheCaribbean:connectingpandemicrecovery,climateresilience,andsustainabletourismthroughmobilityjustice.JournalofSustainableTourism,29(9),1436-1449.
- Shih,C.,Nicholls,S.&Holecek,D.F.(2009).Impactofweatherondownhillskiliftticketsales.JournalofTravelResearch,47(3),359-372.
- Stanciulescu,G.,Voineagu,V.,Titan,E.,Ghita,S.,&Boboc,C.(2010).Analysisofhospitality&tourismindustrytrendsinSouthern-WesternEurope,betweentheinternationalorganizations'estimatesfor2020.ERSA2010-50thCongressoftheEuropeanRegionalScienceAssociation,Jönköping.
- Steiger,R&Mayer,M.(2008).Snowmakingandclimatechange.MountainResearchandDevelopment,28(3),292-298
- Stern,N.(2006).Theeconomicsofclimatechange:TheSternreview.CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge,UK
- Stern,D.I.,&Jotzo,F.(2010).HowambitiousareChinaandIndia’semissionsintensitytargets?EnergyPolicy,38(11),6776-6783.
- Tol,R.S.(2007).Theimpactofacarbontaxoninternationaltourism.TransportationResearchPartD:TransportandEnvironment,12(2),129-142.
- UNWTO,U.,&Change,W.C.(2008).Tourism:RespondingtoGlobalChallenges.Madrid,UnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganization;UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram:Paris,France.
- Uyarra,M.C.,Cote,I.M.,Gill,J.A.,Tinch,R.R.,Viner,D.,&Watkinson,A.R.(2005).Island-specificpreferencesoftouristsforenvironmentalfeatures:implicationsofclimatechangefortourism-dependentstates.EnvironmentalConservation,32(1),11-19.
- Vanat,L.(2021).Overviewofthekeyindustryfiguresforskiresorts.2021InternationalReportonSnow&MountainTourism
- Vigl,L.E.,Marsoner,T.,Schirpke,U.,Tscholl,S.,Candiago,S.,&Depellegrin,D.(2021).Amulti-pressureanalysisofecosystemservicesforconservationplanningintheAlps.EcosystemServices,47,101230.
- Wang,J.,Wang,S.,Wang,H.,Zhang,Z.,&Ru,X.(2021).Examiningwhenandhowperceivedsustainability-relatedclimateinfluencespro-environmentalbehaviorsoftourismdestinationresidentsinChina.JournalofHospitalityandTourismManagement,48,357-367.
- Williams,P.W.,&Ponsford,I.F.(2009).Confrontingtourism'senvironmentalparadox:Transitioningforsustainabletourism.Futures,41(6),396-404.
- Zeppel,H.(2012).Collaborativegovernanceforlow-carbontourism:ClimatechangeinitiativesbyAustraliantourismagencies.CurrentIssuesinTourism,15(7),603-626.
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Turizm (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | İçindekiler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 |