Araştırma Makalesi
SPOR SALONUNA GİDEN BİREYLERİN BESLENME ALIŞKANLIKLARI, BESLENME BİLGI DÜZEYİ VE BESİN DESTEĞİ KULLANIMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Öz
Bu araştırma, spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve besin desteği kullanım durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipte olan araştırmanın verileri anket aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Anket formu demografik bilgiler, beslenme alışkanlıkları, Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği ve besin desteği kullanımına yönelik sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada 360 spor salonuna giden bireye (242 erkek, 118 kadın, ortalama yaş=22,1±5,6 yıl) ait veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların beslenme alışkanlıklarının önerilen düzende olmadığı, %19,4’ünün kötü düzeyde temel beslenme ve %17,5’inin kötü düzeyde besin tercih bilgisi olduğu ve %30,0’ının ise besin desteği kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Spor salonuna giden bireylerin sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları kazanımı ve yüksek beslenme bilgisi edinimine bağlı olarak, daha bilinçli ve doğru şekilde besin desteği kullanım tercihinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu konuda, özellikle spor ve sporcu beslenmesi alanında uzmanlaşmış diyetisyenler bilgi edinim kaynağı olarak tercih edilebilir. Ayrıca, spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme konusunda sıklıkla bilgisine başvurduğu salon antrönerlerinin de besinler, besin destekleri ve sporcu beslenmesi ile ilgili bilimsel kaynakları tercih etmesi ve bireyleri daha doğru ve sağlıklı bir şekilde yönlendirmesi önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spor salonu beslenme bilgisi spor beslenmesi besin desteği beslenme alışkanlıkları
Destekleyen Kurum
Yok
Proje Numarası
Yok
Teşekkür
Araştırmada yer alan tüm katılımcılara teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Aguilar-Navarro, M., Baltazar-Martins, G., Brito de Souza, D., Muñoz-Guerra, J., del Mar Plata, M., Del Coso, J. (2021). Gender differences in prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use in elite athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 92(4), 659–668.
- Al-Hakim, A.-Q. M. A, Muhammad, A. S., Ahmad, N. S., Ooi, F. K. (2022). Sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice among gymnasium users in Jordan. Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine, 6(1), 113–114. https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.551
- Aljaloud, S. O., Ibrahim, S. A. (2013). Use of dietary supplements among professional athletes in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2013.
- Alowais, M., Selim, M. E.-H. (2019). Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(2), 365. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_430_18
- AlRuthia, Y., Balkhi, B., Alrasheed, M., Altuwaijri, A., Alarifi, M., Alzahrani, H., Mansy, W. (2018). Use of dietary and performance-enhancing supplements among male fitness center members in Riyadh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One, 13(6), e0199289.
- Altamimi, J. Z. (2019). Awareness of the Consumption of Dietary Supplements among Students in a University in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4641768
- Attlee, A., Haider, A., Hassan, A., Alzamil, N., Hashim, M., Obaid, R. S. (2018). Dietary supplement intake and associated factors among gym users in a university community. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 15(1), 88-97.
- Avan, Z. (2015). Özel bir spor merkezine devam eden 18-30 yaş arası bireylerin beslenme durumlarının ve beden algılarının değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Başkent Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
- Batmaz, H. (2018). Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi ve Geçerlilik-Güvenirlik Çalışması. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
- Calella, P., Gallè, F., Di Onofrio, V., Buono, P., Liguori, G., Valerio, G. (2021). Gym members show lower nutrition knowledge than youth engaged in competitive sports. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 40(5), 465–471.
- Druker, I., Gesser-Edelsburg, A. (2017). Identifying and assessing views among physically-active adult gym members in Israel on dietary supplements. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0194-7
- El Khoury, D., Dwyer, J. J. M., Fein, L., Brauer, P., Brennan, S., Alfaro, I. (2019). Understanding the use of dietary supplements among athlete and non-athlete university students: Development and validation of a questionnaire. Sports, 7(7), 166.
- Finamore, A., Benvenuti, L., De Santis, A., Cinti, S., Rossi, L. (2022). Sportsmen’s Attitude towards Dietary Supplements and Nutrition Knowledge: An Investigation in Selected Roman Area Gyms. Nutrients, 14(5), 945.
- Giammarioli, S., Boniglia, C., Carratù, B., Ciarrocchi, M., Chiarotti, F., Mosca, M., Sanzini, E. (2013). Use of food supplements and determinants of usage in a sample Italian adult population. Public Health Nutrition, 16(10), 1768–1781. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980012004314
- Gökensel, P. (2016). Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti voleybol federasyonu oyuncularının beslenme davranışı ve beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Gazimağusa. Guest, N. S., Horne, J., Vanderhout, S. M., El-Sohemy, A. (2019). Sport nutrigenomics: Personalized nutrition for athletic performance. Frontiers in Nutrition, 6, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00008
- Kårlund, A., Gómez-Gallego, C., Turpeinen, A. M., Palo-Oja, O. M., El-Nezami, H., Kolehmainen, M. (2019). Protein supplements and their relation with nutrition, microbiota composition and health: Is more protein always better for sportspeople? Nutrients, 11(4), 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040829
- Lacerda, F. M. M., Carvalho, W. R. G., Hortegal, E. V., Cabral, N. A. L., Veloso, H. J. F. (2015). Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms. Revista de Saude Publica, 49, 63.
- Lentjes, M. A. H. (2019). The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 78(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118002525
- Maughan, R. J., Burke, L. M., Dvorak, J., Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, P., Phillips, S. M., Rawson, E. S., Walsh, N. P., Garthe, I., Geyer, H., Meeusen, R., Van Loon, L. J. C., Shirreffs, S. M., Spriet, L. L., Stuart, M., Vernec, A., Currell, K., Ali, V. M., Budgett, R. G., … Engebretsen, L. (2018). IOC consensus statement: Dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(7), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027
- Maughan, R. J., Shirreffs, S. M. (2012). Nutrition for sports performance: Issues and opportunities. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 71(1), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665111003211
- Melton, B. F., Romanchik-Cerpovicz, J. E., Ryan, G. A., Gallagher, C. G. (2021). The Influence of Education on the Nutritional Knowledge of Certified Fitness Professionals. International Journal of Exercise Science, 14(4), 239.
- Mennitti, C., Ranieri, A., Nigro, E., Tripodi, L., Brancaccio, M., Ulisse, J., Gentile, L., Fimiani, F., Cesaro, A., D’Alicandro, G., Limongelli, G., Daniele, A., Pero, R., Frisso, G., Calabrò, P., Pastore, L., Licenziati, M. R.,
- Scudiero, O., Lombardo, B. (2023). The Impact of Physical Exercise on Obesity in a Cohort of Southern Italian Obese Children: Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk and Immune System Biomarkers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010602
- Muñoz, A., López-Samanes, Á., Domínguez, R., Moreno-Pérez, V., Sánchez-Oliver, A. J., Del Coso, J. (2020). Use of sports supplements in competitive handball players: Sex and competitive level differences. Nutrients, 12(11), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113357
- Naderi, A., De Oliveira, E. P., Ziegenfuss, T. N., Willems, M. E. T. (2016). Timing, optimal dose and intake duration of dietary supplements with evidence-based use in sports nutrition. Journal of Exercise Nutrition Biochemistry, 20(4), 1.
- Or, F., Kim, Y., Simms, J., Austin, S. B. (2019). Taking Stock of Dietary Supplements’ Harmful Effects on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(4), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.03.005
- Peeling, P., Castell, L. M., Derave, W., De Hon, O., Burke, L. M. (2019). Sports foods and dietary supplements for optimal function and performance enhancement in track-and-field athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 29(2), 198–209. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0271
- Ruano, J., Teixeira, V. H. (2020). Prevalence of dietary supplement use by gym members in Portugal and associated factors. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00342-z
- Saeedi, P., Nasir, M. T. M., Hazizi, A. S., Vafa, M. R., Foroushani, A. R. (2013). Nutritional supplement use among fitness club participants in Tehran, Iran. Appetite, 60, 20–26.
- Sarris, J., Mehta, B., Óvári, V., Giménez, F. (2021). Potential mental and physical benefits of supplementation with a high-dose, B-complex multivitamin/mineral supplement: what is the evidence?. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 38(6), 1277-1286.
- Solsun, B. G. (2021). Aksaray Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Sporcu Beslenmesi Bilgi Düzeyi ve Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ile İlişkili Etmenler. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi.
- Tabata, S., Yamasawa, F., Torii, S., Manabe, T., Kamada, H., Namba, A., Kato, J., Kaneko, H., Tahara, K., Tsukahara, Y., Sato, K. (2020). Use of nutritional supplements by elite Japanese track and field athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00370-9
- Torres-McGehee, T. M., Pritchett, K. L., Zippel, D., Minton, D. M., Cellamare, A., Sibilia, M. (2012). Sports nutrition knowledge among collegiate athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, and strength and conditioning specialists. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(2), 205-211.
- Zeballos, E., Todd, J. E. (2020). The effects of skipping a meal on daily energy intake and diet quality. Public Health Nutrition, 23(18), 3346–3355.
DETERMINATION of NUTRITIONAL HABITS, NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE LEVEL and DIETARY SUPPLEMENT USE OF GYM USERS
Öz
This study was planned and conducted to determine the nutritional habits, nutritional knowledge level and dietary supplement use of gymnasium users. The data of the descriptive cross-sectional study were obtained through a questionnaire. The questionnaire form consisted of demographic information, nutritional habits, Nutritional Knowledge Level Scale for Adults and questions about the use of nutritional supplements. In the study, the data of 360 individuals (242 males, 118 females, mean age=22.1±5.6 years) going to the gym were evaluated. It was determined that the dietary habits of the participants were not in the recommended order, 19.4% had poor basic nutrition knowledge, 17.5% had poor food preference knowledge and 30.0% used dietary supplements. It is thought that individuals who go to the gym may prefer to use dietary supplements more consciously and correctly depending on the acquisition of healthy eating habits and high nutritional knowledge. In this regard, dietitians specialised in sports and sports nutrition can be preferred as a knowledge obtaining reference. In addition, it is recommended that gym trainers, to whom individuals who go to the gym often consult about nutrition, should prefer scientific literature on nutrients, nutritional supplements and sports nutrition and provide more accurate and healthier information to individuals.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gym nutrition knowledge sports nutrition dietary supplement nutritional habits
Proje Numarası
Yok
Kaynakça
- Aguilar-Navarro, M., Baltazar-Martins, G., Brito de Souza, D., Muñoz-Guerra, J., del Mar Plata, M., Del Coso, J. (2021). Gender differences in prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use in elite athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 92(4), 659–668.
- Al-Hakim, A.-Q. M. A, Muhammad, A. S., Ahmad, N. S., Ooi, F. K. (2022). Sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice among gymnasium users in Jordan. Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine, 6(1), 113–114. https://doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.551
- Aljaloud, S. O., Ibrahim, S. A. (2013). Use of dietary supplements among professional athletes in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2013.
- Alowais, M., Selim, M. E.-H. (2019). Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(2), 365. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_430_18
- AlRuthia, Y., Balkhi, B., Alrasheed, M., Altuwaijri, A., Alarifi, M., Alzahrani, H., Mansy, W. (2018). Use of dietary and performance-enhancing supplements among male fitness center members in Riyadh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One, 13(6), e0199289.
- Altamimi, J. Z. (2019). Awareness of the Consumption of Dietary Supplements among Students in a University in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4641768
- Attlee, A., Haider, A., Hassan, A., Alzamil, N., Hashim, M., Obaid, R. S. (2018). Dietary supplement intake and associated factors among gym users in a university community. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 15(1), 88-97.
- Avan, Z. (2015). Özel bir spor merkezine devam eden 18-30 yaş arası bireylerin beslenme durumlarının ve beden algılarının değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Başkent Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
- Batmaz, H. (2018). Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi ve Geçerlilik-Güvenirlik Çalışması. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
- Calella, P., Gallè, F., Di Onofrio, V., Buono, P., Liguori, G., Valerio, G. (2021). Gym members show lower nutrition knowledge than youth engaged in competitive sports. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 40(5), 465–471.
- Druker, I., Gesser-Edelsburg, A. (2017). Identifying and assessing views among physically-active adult gym members in Israel on dietary supplements. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0194-7
- El Khoury, D., Dwyer, J. J. M., Fein, L., Brauer, P., Brennan, S., Alfaro, I. (2019). Understanding the use of dietary supplements among athlete and non-athlete university students: Development and validation of a questionnaire. Sports, 7(7), 166.
- Finamore, A., Benvenuti, L., De Santis, A., Cinti, S., Rossi, L. (2022). Sportsmen’s Attitude towards Dietary Supplements and Nutrition Knowledge: An Investigation in Selected Roman Area Gyms. Nutrients, 14(5), 945.
- Giammarioli, S., Boniglia, C., Carratù, B., Ciarrocchi, M., Chiarotti, F., Mosca, M., Sanzini, E. (2013). Use of food supplements and determinants of usage in a sample Italian adult population. Public Health Nutrition, 16(10), 1768–1781. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980012004314
- Gökensel, P. (2016). Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti voleybol federasyonu oyuncularının beslenme davranışı ve beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi, Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Gazimağusa. Guest, N. S., Horne, J., Vanderhout, S. M., El-Sohemy, A. (2019). Sport nutrigenomics: Personalized nutrition for athletic performance. Frontiers in Nutrition, 6, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00008
- Kårlund, A., Gómez-Gallego, C., Turpeinen, A. M., Palo-Oja, O. M., El-Nezami, H., Kolehmainen, M. (2019). Protein supplements and their relation with nutrition, microbiota composition and health: Is more protein always better for sportspeople? Nutrients, 11(4), 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040829
- Lacerda, F. M. M., Carvalho, W. R. G., Hortegal, E. V., Cabral, N. A. L., Veloso, H. J. F. (2015). Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms. Revista de Saude Publica, 49, 63.
- Lentjes, M. A. H. (2019). The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 78(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118002525
- Maughan, R. J., Burke, L. M., Dvorak, J., Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, P., Phillips, S. M., Rawson, E. S., Walsh, N. P., Garthe, I., Geyer, H., Meeusen, R., Van Loon, L. J. C., Shirreffs, S. M., Spriet, L. L., Stuart, M., Vernec, A., Currell, K., Ali, V. M., Budgett, R. G., … Engebretsen, L. (2018). IOC consensus statement: Dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(7), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027
- Maughan, R. J., Shirreffs, S. M. (2012). Nutrition for sports performance: Issues and opportunities. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 71(1), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665111003211
- Melton, B. F., Romanchik-Cerpovicz, J. E., Ryan, G. A., Gallagher, C. G. (2021). The Influence of Education on the Nutritional Knowledge of Certified Fitness Professionals. International Journal of Exercise Science, 14(4), 239.
- Mennitti, C., Ranieri, A., Nigro, E., Tripodi, L., Brancaccio, M., Ulisse, J., Gentile, L., Fimiani, F., Cesaro, A., D’Alicandro, G., Limongelli, G., Daniele, A., Pero, R., Frisso, G., Calabrò, P., Pastore, L., Licenziati, M. R.,
- Scudiero, O., Lombardo, B. (2023). The Impact of Physical Exercise on Obesity in a Cohort of Southern Italian Obese Children: Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk and Immune System Biomarkers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010602
- Muñoz, A., López-Samanes, Á., Domínguez, R., Moreno-Pérez, V., Sánchez-Oliver, A. J., Del Coso, J. (2020). Use of sports supplements in competitive handball players: Sex and competitive level differences. Nutrients, 12(11), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113357
- Naderi, A., De Oliveira, E. P., Ziegenfuss, T. N., Willems, M. E. T. (2016). Timing, optimal dose and intake duration of dietary supplements with evidence-based use in sports nutrition. Journal of Exercise Nutrition Biochemistry, 20(4), 1.
- Or, F., Kim, Y., Simms, J., Austin, S. B. (2019). Taking Stock of Dietary Supplements’ Harmful Effects on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(4), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.03.005
- Peeling, P., Castell, L. M., Derave, W., De Hon, O., Burke, L. M. (2019). Sports foods and dietary supplements for optimal function and performance enhancement in track-and-field athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 29(2), 198–209. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0271
- Ruano, J., Teixeira, V. H. (2020). Prevalence of dietary supplement use by gym members in Portugal and associated factors. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00342-z
- Saeedi, P., Nasir, M. T. M., Hazizi, A. S., Vafa, M. R., Foroushani, A. R. (2013). Nutritional supplement use among fitness club participants in Tehran, Iran. Appetite, 60, 20–26.
- Sarris, J., Mehta, B., Óvári, V., Giménez, F. (2021). Potential mental and physical benefits of supplementation with a high-dose, B-complex multivitamin/mineral supplement: what is the evidence?. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 38(6), 1277-1286.
- Solsun, B. G. (2021). Aksaray Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Sporcu Beslenmesi Bilgi Düzeyi ve Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ile İlişkili Etmenler. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi.
- Tabata, S., Yamasawa, F., Torii, S., Manabe, T., Kamada, H., Namba, A., Kato, J., Kaneko, H., Tahara, K., Tsukahara, Y., Sato, K. (2020). Use of nutritional supplements by elite Japanese track and field athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00370-9
- Torres-McGehee, T. M., Pritchett, K. L., Zippel, D., Minton, D. M., Cellamare, A., Sibilia, M. (2012). Sports nutrition knowledge among collegiate athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, and strength and conditioning specialists. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(2), 205-211.
- Zeballos, E., Todd, J. E. (2020). The effects of skipping a meal on daily energy intake and diet quality. Public Health Nutrition, 23(18), 3346–3355.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Spor ve Beslenme |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Yok |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 28 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 4 |
