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AN EVALUATION OF THE GREAT ALFRED ERA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 146 - 161, 29.05.2022

Öz

Alfred the Great is King of Wessex, reigning from 871 to 899. Alfred successfully defended his country against the the invasion and pilage attempt of Vikings and became the most powerful monarch in England until his death. Alfred is one of two British monarchs to hold the title of "Great". The other ruler with this title is Knud the Great, who Scandinavian origin. He was the first king to describe himself not only as the "King of the West Saxons" but als as the "King of the Anglo-Saxons" as a completly. Alfred the Great draws attention as one of the rare medieval figures whose popularity still continues today with his actions. Alfred's influence continued through the ages and was directly associated with British imperialism by some authors. Cultural and administrative developments during the reign of Alfred the Great attracted the attention of many authors.
Alfred was famous as a merciful, gracious king who loved to learn, reorganized the legal system and military structure of his country with his reforms, and improved the quality of life of the people. Alfred made incentives for the dissemination of education in his country. However, he preferred English, not Latin, as the language of education in the country. The main purpose of our article is to provide a brief perspective on Alfred's life.

Kaynakça

  • Abels, R. (2006). Alfred and his biographers: images and imagination. Writing Medieval Biography, 750(1250), 61-75.
  • Abrams, L. (2013). Edward the Elder’s Danelaw. In Edward the Elder (pp. 144-159). Routledge.
  • Ashby, S., & Marriott, A. (2020). Territorial Division in the Alfred-Guðrum Treaty: A Ninth Century Diplomatic Innovation?. Apardjon Journal for Scandinavian Studies, 22-53.
  • Blackburn, M. (2005). Presidential address 2004. Currency under the Vikings. Part 1: Guthrum and the earliest Danelaw coinages. Brit Numis J, 75, 18-43.
  • Brooks, N. (1964). The unidentified forts of the Burghal Hidage. Medieval Archaeology, 8(1), 74-90.
  • Craig, G. (1991). Alfred the Great: a diagnosis. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 84(5), 303-305.
  • Davis, R. H. (1955). East Anglia and the Danelaw. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5, 23-39.
  • Guggisberg, F. (1971). Alfred the Great:“England's darling” through the ages [and]“The dress of thought”: Johnson's theory of language. The University of Texas at El Paso.
  • Hadley, D. M. (1996). Multiple estates and the origins of the manorial structure of the northern Danelaw. Journal of Historical Geography, 22(1), 3-15.
  • Hadley, D. M. (2002). Viking and native: re–thinking identity in the Danelaw. Early Medieval Europe, 11(1), 45-70.
  • Haslam, J. (2011). King Alfred, Mercia and London, 874–86: A reassessment. Anglo-Saxon studies in archaeology and history, 17, 120-46.
  • Haslam, J. (2016). The Burghal Hidage and the West Saxon burhs: a reappraisal. Anglo-Saxon England, 45, 141-182.
  • Hill, D. (1969). The Burghal Hidage: the establishment of a text. Medieval Archaeology, 13(1), 84-92.
  • Hill, P. (2008). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great. Casemate Publishers.
  • Hill, T. D. (2002). The Crowning of Alfred and the Topos of sapientia et fortitudo in Asser's Life of King Alfred. Neophilologus, 86(3), 471-476.
  • Keynes, S. (1999). The Cult of King Alfred the Great. Anglo-Saxon England, 28, 225-356.
  • Lappenberg, J. M. (1894). A History of England Under the Anglo-Saxon Kings (Vol. 2). G. Bell.
  • Lewis, K. (2004). Edmund of East Anglia, Henry VI and ideals of kingly masculinity. In Holiness and Masculinity in the Middle Ages (pp. 158-173). University of Wales Press.
  • Mapp Jr, A. J. (2014). The golden dragon: Alfred the Great and his times. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Marini, A. J. (1980). Polıtıcal Perceptıons of the Marıne Forces: Great Britain, 1699, 1739 and the United States, 1798, 1804. The Journal of Military History, 44(4), 171.
  • Mueller-Vollmer, T. (2022). CHIPPENHAM, BATTLE OF. Vikings: An Encyclopedia of Conflict, Invasions, and Raids, 73
  • Nelson, J. L. (1986). ‘A King across the Sea’: Alfred in Continental perspective. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 36, 45-68.
  • Smyth, A. (2001). The Medieval Life of King Alfred the Great: A Translation and Commentary on the Text Attributed to Asser. Springer.
  • Thomas, R. (2019). The Vita Alcuini, Asser and Scholarly Service at the Court of Alfred the Great. The English Historical Review, 134(566), 1-24.
  • Whitelock, D. (1941). Wulfstan and the so-called laws of Edward and Guthrum. The English Historical Review, 56(221), 1-21.

BÜYÜK ALFRED DÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 146 - 161, 29.05.2022

Öz

Büyük Alfred, 871- 899 yılları arasında hüküm süren Wessex Kralıdır. Alfred, Vikinglerin istila ve yağmalama girişimlerine karşı ülkesini başarılı bir şekilde savundu ve ölene kadar İngiltere'deki en güçlü hükümdar oldu. Alfred, "Büyük" unvanına sahip olan iki İngiliz hükümdardan biridir. Bu unvana sahip olan diğer hükümdar ise İskandinavya kökenli olan Büyük Knud'dur. Kendisini sadece ''Batı Saksonlarının'' kralı olarak değil bütün olarak ''Anglo-Saksonların Kralı'' olarak tanımlayan ilk kraldı. Büyük Alfred günümüzde de icraatlarıyla popülaritesi halen devam eden ender ortaçağ figürlerinden birisi olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Alfred’in etkisi çağlar boyunca devam etmiş hatta bazı müellifler tarafından İngiliz emperyalizmi ile doğrudan ilişkilendirilmiştir. Büyük Alfred döneminde yaşanan kültürel ve idari gelişmeler pek çok müellifinde ilgisini çekmiştir.
Alfred, merhametli, öğrenmeyi seven, zarif, yaptığı reformlarla ülkesinin hukuk sistemini ile askeri yapısını yeniden düzenleyen ve halkın yaşam kalitesini yükselten bir kral olarak ünlenmiştir. Alfred ülkesinde eğitimin yaygınlaştırılması için teşviklerde bulunmuştur. Lakin ülkede eğitim dili olarak Latince'yi değil İngilizceyi tercih etmiştir.
Makalemizdeki temel amaç Alfred’in hayatına kısa bir bakış açısı sunmaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Abels, R. (2006). Alfred and his biographers: images and imagination. Writing Medieval Biography, 750(1250), 61-75.
  • Abrams, L. (2013). Edward the Elder’s Danelaw. In Edward the Elder (pp. 144-159). Routledge.
  • Ashby, S., & Marriott, A. (2020). Territorial Division in the Alfred-Guðrum Treaty: A Ninth Century Diplomatic Innovation?. Apardjon Journal for Scandinavian Studies, 22-53.
  • Blackburn, M. (2005). Presidential address 2004. Currency under the Vikings. Part 1: Guthrum and the earliest Danelaw coinages. Brit Numis J, 75, 18-43.
  • Brooks, N. (1964). The unidentified forts of the Burghal Hidage. Medieval Archaeology, 8(1), 74-90.
  • Craig, G. (1991). Alfred the Great: a diagnosis. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 84(5), 303-305.
  • Davis, R. H. (1955). East Anglia and the Danelaw. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5, 23-39.
  • Guggisberg, F. (1971). Alfred the Great:“England's darling” through the ages [and]“The dress of thought”: Johnson's theory of language. The University of Texas at El Paso.
  • Hadley, D. M. (1996). Multiple estates and the origins of the manorial structure of the northern Danelaw. Journal of Historical Geography, 22(1), 3-15.
  • Hadley, D. M. (2002). Viking and native: re–thinking identity in the Danelaw. Early Medieval Europe, 11(1), 45-70.
  • Haslam, J. (2011). King Alfred, Mercia and London, 874–86: A reassessment. Anglo-Saxon studies in archaeology and history, 17, 120-46.
  • Haslam, J. (2016). The Burghal Hidage and the West Saxon burhs: a reappraisal. Anglo-Saxon England, 45, 141-182.
  • Hill, D. (1969). The Burghal Hidage: the establishment of a text. Medieval Archaeology, 13(1), 84-92.
  • Hill, P. (2008). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great. Casemate Publishers.
  • Hill, T. D. (2002). The Crowning of Alfred and the Topos of sapientia et fortitudo in Asser's Life of King Alfred. Neophilologus, 86(3), 471-476.
  • Keynes, S. (1999). The Cult of King Alfred the Great. Anglo-Saxon England, 28, 225-356.
  • Lappenberg, J. M. (1894). A History of England Under the Anglo-Saxon Kings (Vol. 2). G. Bell.
  • Lewis, K. (2004). Edmund of East Anglia, Henry VI and ideals of kingly masculinity. In Holiness and Masculinity in the Middle Ages (pp. 158-173). University of Wales Press.
  • Mapp Jr, A. J. (2014). The golden dragon: Alfred the Great and his times. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Marini, A. J. (1980). Polıtıcal Perceptıons of the Marıne Forces: Great Britain, 1699, 1739 and the United States, 1798, 1804. The Journal of Military History, 44(4), 171.
  • Mueller-Vollmer, T. (2022). CHIPPENHAM, BATTLE OF. Vikings: An Encyclopedia of Conflict, Invasions, and Raids, 73
  • Nelson, J. L. (1986). ‘A King across the Sea’: Alfred in Continental perspective. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 36, 45-68.
  • Smyth, A. (2001). The Medieval Life of King Alfred the Great: A Translation and Commentary on the Text Attributed to Asser. Springer.
  • Thomas, R. (2019). The Vita Alcuini, Asser and Scholarly Service at the Court of Alfred the Great. The English Historical Review, 134(566), 1-24.
  • Whitelock, D. (1941). Wulfstan and the so-called laws of Edward and Guthrum. The English Historical Review, 56(221), 1-21.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Uluslararası Toplumsal Bilimler Dergisi Cilt 6 Sayı 1
Yazarlar

Mert Kozan 0000-0003-0176-0776

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 11 Nisan 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kozan, M. (2022). BÜYÜK ALFRED DÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Uluslararası Toplumsal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(1), 146-161.