Deliberative Democracy in the Digital Age Opportunities and Challenges of Online Public Discourse

Ali Çiçek

doi:10.54089/ecider.1549272

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Dijital Çağda Müzakereci Demokrasi: Çevrimiçi Kamusal Söylemin Fırsat ve Zorlukları

Öz

Müzakereci demokrasi, karar alma süreçlerinin halkın katılımına dayalı olduğu ve kamusal tartışmaların ön planda tutulduğu bir demokrasi modelidir. Bu modelde, vatandaşlar rasyonel tartışma ve müzakere yoluyla ortak kararlar alır ve bu süreç, demokratik meşruiyetin temelini oluşturur. 21. yüzyıl demokrasi tartışmalarının başat aktörlerinden olan müzakereci demokrasi, geniş katılımı teşvik ederek daha kapsayıcı ve adil politikaların oluşturulmasını amaçlamaktadır. Dijital çağda müzakereci demokrasi kavramı yeni zorluklar ve fırsatlarla karşı karşıyadır. Bu çalışma, çevrimiçi platformların kamusal söylemi ve demokratik katılımı nasıl etkilediğine odaklanarak müzakereci demokrasi ile dijital teknolojiler arasındaki kesişimi incelemektedir. Temel amaç, dijital teknolojilerin müzakereci süreçlerde kapsayıcılığı, hızı ve ölçeklenebilirliği nasıl artırdığını ve aynı zamanda yanlış bilgilendirme, kutuplaşma ve dışlama ile ilgili endişeleri nasıl artırdığını araştırmaktır. Rasyonel söylem ve kamusal akıl yürütmeyi vurgulayan müzakereci demokrasinin teorik çerçevesinden yola çıkan makale, müzakerenin çevrimiçi ortama taşınmasıyla ortaya çıkan fayda ve zorlukları araştırmaktadır. İzlanda'nın kitle kaynaklı anayasası, küresel iklim değişikliği tartışmaları ve 2020 ABD seçimleri sırasında sosyal medyanın rolü gibi örneklerle, makale dijital platformların hızlı, büyük ölçekli müzakereyi nasıl kolaylaştırdığını, ancak aynı zamanda siyasi parçalanmaya ve yankı odalarına nasıl katkıda bulunduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma, dijital platformların müzakere süreçleri üzerindeki etkisini literatür taramaları ve vaka çalışmaları yoluyla analiz eden nitel bir araştırma metodolojisi kullanmaktadır. Çalışmanın hipotezi, dijital platformların katılımı genişleterek demokratik müzakereyi geliştirmek için önemli bir potansiyel sunarken, aynı zamanda özellikle yanlış bilgilendirme ve algoritmaların manipülasyonu nedeniyle kamusal söylemin bütünlüğüne yönelik yeni riskler ortaya çıkardığıdır. Sonuç olarak bu makale, müzakereci demokrasinin çevrimiçi ve çevrimdışı müzakereyi entegre ederek, dijital okuryazarlığı teşvik ederek ve şeffaflık ve hesap verebilirlik için düzenleyici çerçeveler oluşturarak dijital çağın gerçeklerine uyum sağlaması gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Bulgular, dijital teknoloji ve demokrasi arasındaki ilişkiyi anlamaya yönelik teorik katkılar sunarken, aynı zamanda dijital kamusal söylemin kalitesini artırmaya yönelik pratik öneriler de sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deliberative Democracy in the Digital Age Opportunities and Challenges of Online Public Discourse

Abstract

Deliberative democracy is a model of democracy in which decision-making processes are based on public participation, and public debate is prioritised. In this model, citizens make joint decisions through rational discussion and negotiation, and this process forms the basis of democratic legitimacy. As one of the main actors in 21st-century democracy debates, deliberative democracy aims to create more inclusive and fair policies by encouraging broad participation. In the digital age, the concept of deliberative democracy faces new challenges and opportunities. This study examines the intersection between deliberative democracy and digital technologies, focusing on how online platforms influence public discourse and democratic engagement. The core objective is to explore how digital technologies enhance inclusivity, speed, and scalability in deliberative processes while simultaneously raising concerns about misinformation, polarization, and exclusion. Drawing from the theoretical framework of deliberative democracy, which emphasizes rational discourse and public reasoning, the paper investigates the benefits and challenges that arise when deliberation moves online. Through case studies such as Iceland's crowdsourced constitution, global climate change discussions, and the role of social media during the 2020 U.S. election, the paper highlights how digital platforms facilitate rapid, large-scale deliberation but also contribute to political fragmentation and echo chambers. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, analyzing the impact of digital platforms on deliberative processes through literature reviews and case studies. The hypothesis is that while digital platforms offer significant potential for enhancing democratic deliberation by broadening participation, they also present new risks to the integrity of public discourse, particularly due to misinformation and the manipulation of algorithms. Ultimately, the paper argues that deliberative democracy must adapt to the realities of the digital age by integrating online and offline deliberation, fostering digital literacy, and establishing regulatory frameworks for transparency and accountability. The findings offer theoretical contributions to understanding the relationship between digital technology and democracy while also providing practical recommendations for enhancing the quality of digital public discourse.

Keywords

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Sosyal Medya Uygulamaları ve Analizi , İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Ali Çiçek ^*
0000-0001-9875-2400
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

22 Aralık 2024

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

12 Eylül 2024

Kabul Tarihi

15 Kasım 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.54089/ecider.1549272

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA55JN26YU

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Çiçek, A. (2024). Deliberative Democracy in the Digital Age Opportunities and Challenges of Online Public Discourse. Elektronik Cumhuriyet İletişim Dergisi, 6(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.54089/ecider.1549272